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Detailed record for Royal 13 B VIII
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| Part 1 |
ff. 1-116v |
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| Author |
Gerald of Wales, Henry of Saltrey |
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| Title |
Topographia Hiberniae, Expugnatio Hibernica, Itinerarium Kambriae; De purgatorio sancti Patrici, Excerpts from the Chronicle of Eusebius of Caesarea |
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| Origin |
England, N. (Lincoln?) |
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| Date |
c. 1196-c. 1223 |
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| Language |
Latin |
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| Script |
Gothic |
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| Decoration |
45 marginal miniatures in colours and tinted drawing of animals, habits of people, and wonders of Ireland (ff. 8v-11v, 16v, 17v-18, 19-22, 23, 23v, 26, 27v-29, 30, 30v). 14 large initials with foliate and zoomorphic decoration in colours, some with marginal extensions (ff. 1, 3v, 4, 13, 34v, 37, 38, 54v, 73v, 74v, 90v, 100v, 101v). Initials in blue, red or green. |
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| Dimensions in mm |
275 x 190 (200 x 135) |
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| Part 2 |
117-146v |
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| Author |
Alanus de Insulis |
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| Title |
Anticlaudianus (verse in Latin hexameters); Summarium |
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| Origin |
England, N. (Lincoln?) |
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| Date |
2nd quarter of the 13th century |
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| Language |
Latin |
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| Script |
Gothic |
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| Decoration |
3 initials in red or blue with penwork decoration (ff. 117v, 118v). |
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| Dimensions in mm |
275 x 190 (200 x 135) |
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| Official foliation |
ff. 147 (+ 4 unfoliated modern paper flyleaves at the beginning and at the end; f. 147 is a medieval parchment flyleaf) |
| Form |
Parchment codex |
| Binding |
BM/BL in-house. |
| Provenance |
Perhaps made at Lincoln under the supervision of Gerald of Wales (b. 1146, d. 1223), in 1196-1198, or after 1207-1208 (see Brown 2002, p. 47).
The Benedictine abbey of St Augustine's, Canterbury: ownership inscription, 'Lib[er] S[an]c[t]i Augustini ex[tra] muros cantuar.'; perhaps given by Simon Maidstone, priest and almoner of St. Augustine's (recorded between 1445 and 1417): initials 'S. M. AV. S' perhaps for 'Simon Maidstone Augustini Sancti', with verses beginning, 'Qui faciendo moram...' , in the same hand as the ownership inscription,15th century (f. 147); included in the catalogue of the library of St Augustine's abbey of c. 1375-c. 1420, no. 906 (see St Augustine's Abbey 2008).
John Twyne (b. c.1505, d. 1581), schoolmaster and antiquary, perhaps owned by him: inscribed 'Twyne' in the hand of John Dee, antiquary (b. 1527, d.1609), in the entry of the catalogue of St. Augustine's abbey (see St Augustine's Abbey 2008, p. 939)
The Old Royal Library (the English Royal Library): Westminster inventory number 'no. 1116' (f. 1), included in the Upper Library at Westminster after 1547; on John's Bale select list of c. 1548, no. 33-34; in the Royal catalogue of 1666, Royal Appendix 71, f. 21; and in the 1698 catalogue of the library of St James’s Palace (see [Edward Bernard], Catalogi librorum manuscriptorum Angliae et Hiberniae (Oxford: Sheldonian, '1697', but 1698?), perhaps no. 8316 and 8450).
Presented to the British Museum by George II in 1757 as part of the Old Royal Library. |
| Notes |
Contents: includes Gerald of Wales's Topographia Hiberniae (ff. 1-34v), Expugnatio Hibernica (ff. 34v-74), and Itinerarium Kambriae (ff. 74v-100v);
Henry of Saltrey, De purgatorio sancti Patrici (ff. 100v-112v),
Excerpts from the Chronicle of Eusebius of Caesarea (ff. 112v-116v).
Gerald of Wales (b. 1146, d. 1223) composed the Topography of Ireland in between 1186 and 1188, after his travels in Ireland in 1183 and with Prince John in 1185. He produced a second edition before the death of Henry II in 1189, followed by a third, fourth and various 'late' editions before his death in 1223.
The illustrative programme was probably formulated by Gerald or under his direct supervision during his sojourn in Lincoln (1196-1198). There are three other manuscripts of the Topographie Hiberniae illustrated with a series of marginal tinted drawings: Dublin, National Library of Ireland 700, Bodleian Library, Laud. Misc. 720, and Cambridge University Library Ff.1.27. According to Brown 2002, the Dublin manuscript is the closest to the original copy, whilst this manuscript, produced in Lincoln, probably in Gerald's presence (1196-1198, or 1207-1208) is the earliest known. It contains marginal authorial additions, related to both text and images.
Nota-signs and pointing hands (maniculae); two further volumes contain maps of Britain and Ireland: Arundel 14 and Additional 33991.
Quire signatures, guide letters. |
| Select bibliography |
H. L. D. Ward, Catalogue of Romances in the Department of Manuscripts in the British Museum (London: British Museum, 1883), II, pp. 435-52.
J. S. Brewer, J. F. Dimock, and G.F. Warner, Giraldi Cambrensis Opera, I, Rolls Series, 5 (1867), pp. xx-xxii, xxxii-xxxiv, 1-202, 207-404, and II, Rolls Series, 6 (1868), pp. x-xi, xvii, xxiv, 9-152.
M. R. James, The Ancient Libraries of Canterbury and Dover (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1903), pp. 295, 518.
George F. Warner and Julius P. Gilson, Catalogue of Western Manuscripts in the Old Royal and King’s Collections, 4 vols (London: British Museum, 1921), II, pp. 94-95.
R. Flower, 'Manuscripts of Irish Interest in the British Museum', Analecta Hibernica 2 (1931), 292-340 (pp. 311-12).
C. H. Talbot, ‘A List of Cistercian Manuscripts in Great Britain’, Traditio: Studies in Ancient and Medieval History, Thought and Religion, 8 (1952), 402-18 (pp. 404, 410).
T. S. R. Boase, English Art 1100-1216, Oxford History of English Art, 2 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1957), p. 197.
Peter Brieger, English Art 1216-1307, Oxford History of English Art, 4 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1957), p. 138.
Medieval Libraries of Great Britain: A List of Surviving Books, ed. by N. R. Ker, 2nd edn, Royal Historical Society Guides and Handbooks, 3 (London: Royal Historical Society, 1964), p. 45.
A. B. Emden, Donors of Books to S. Augustine's Abbey, Canterbury (Oxford, 1968), p. 35, pl. I.
A. Gransden, 'Realistic Observation in Twelfth-Century England', Speculum, 47 (1972), 29-51 (p. 48, figs 2, 3, 5).
M. Richter, 'Gerald of Wales: A Reassessment on the 750th Anniversary of his Death', Traditio, 29 (1973), 379-90.
A. Gransden, Historical Writing in England c. 550 to c. 1307 (London: Routledge and Kegan, 1974), pp. 245, 356.
D. Walker, 'Gerald of Wales: A Review of Recent Work', Journal of the Historical Society of the Church in Wales, 24 (1974), 13-26.
Gerald of Wales, The Journey Through Wales / The Description of Wales, transl. by L. Thorpe (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1978) [Edition of the text].
W. B. Yapp, 'The Birds of English Medieval Manuscripts', Journal of Medieval History, 5 (1979) 315-48 (pp. 320, 346).
Robert Bartlett, Gerald of Wales 1146-1223 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982), pp. 213, 216.
Andrew G. Watson, 'John Twyne of Canterbury (d. 1581) as a collector of Medieval Manuscripts: A Preliminary Investigation', The Library, Sixth Series, 8 (1986), 133-51 (p. 142).
M. T. Gibson and N. F. Palmer, 'Manuscripts of Alan of Lille Anticlaudianus in the British Isles', Studi Medievali, 3a series, 28 (1987), 905-1001 (pp. 946, 969-70, pl. VI).
Nigel Morgan, Early Gothic Manuscripts, 2 vols, A Survey of Manuscripts Illuminated in the British Isles, 4 (London Harvey Miller, 1982-1988), I: 1190-1250, no. 59 (a).
Suzanne Lewis, The Art of Matthew Paris in the Chronica Majora (Aldershot: Scolar Press, 1987), pp. 30, 39-40, 400, 405, 480, n. 132, figs 17, 18.
Alison Stones, review of Nigel Morgan, 'Early Gothic Manuscripts 1250-1285, 2', Speculum, 68 (1993), 213-16 (p. 214).
J. Backhouse, The Illuminated Page: Ten Centuries of Manuscript Painting (London: British Library, 1997), no. 52.
John Higgitt, The Murthly Hours: Devotion, Literacy and Luxury in Paris, England and the Gaelic West (London: British Library, 2000), p. 80.
The Libraries of King Henry VIII, ed. by J. P. Carley, Corpus of British Medieval Library Catalogues, 7 (London: The British Library, 2000), H2.1116, H4.33-34.
Michelle P. Brown, 'Marvels of the West: Giraldus Cambrensis and the Role of the Author in the Development of Marginal Illustration', in Decoration and Illustration in Medieval English Manuscripts, ed. by A. S. G. Edwards, English Manuscript Studies 1100-1700, 10 (London: British Library, 2002), pp. 34-59 (pls 1-2).
Sophie Page, Magic in Medieval Manuscripts (London: British Library, 2004), p. 19, pl. 17.
The Cambridge Illuminations: Ten Centuries of Book Production in the Medieval West, ed. by Paul Binski and Stella Panayotova (London: Harvey Miller, 2005), p. 308.
Asa Simon Mittman, Maps and Monsters in Medieval England (New York: Routledge, 2006), figs 5, 6.
Deirdre Jackson, Marvellous to Behold: Miracles in Medieval Manuscripts (London: British Library, 2007), pl. 36.
Margaret Scott, Medieval Dress & Fashion (London: British Library, 2007), pl. 31.
St Augustine's Abbey, Canterbury, ed. by B. C. Barker-Benfield, Corpus of British Medieval Library Catalogues, 13, 3 vols (London: British Library, 2008), BA I.906.
Joe Flatman, Ships and Shipping in Medieval Manuscripts (London: British Library, 2009), pl. 9.
Royal Manuscripts: The Genius of Illumination (London: British Library, 2011), no. 90 [exhibition catalogue]. |
| Last revised: 06 May 2011 |
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Part 1
ff. 1-116v |
| Gerald of Wales, Henry of Saltrey Topographia Hiberniae, Expugnatio Hibernica, Itinerarium Kambriae; De purgatorio sancti Patrici, Excerpts from the Chronicle of Eusebius of Caesarea |
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f. 1
Foliate initial |
f. 3v
Foliate initial |
f. 4
Foliate initials |
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f. 4
Foliate initials |
f. 8v
Crane and Barnacle geese |
f. 8v
Crane and Barnacle geese |
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f. 9
Osprey |
f. 9v
Kingfisher and stork |
f. 9v
Kingfisher and stork |
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f. 10
Crow |
f. 10v
Animals |
f. 10v
Animals |
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ff. 10v-11
Animals |
f. 11
Animals |
f. 11
Snakes |
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f. 11v
Spider, fox and wolf |
f. 11v
Spider |
f. 11v
Fox and wolf |
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f. 16v
Fish and deer with golden teeth |
f. 16v
Fish and deer with golden teeth |
f. 17v
Priest of Ulster and the wolf |
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ff. 17v-18
Priest and wolf |
f. 17v
Priest and wolf |
f. 17v-18
Priest of Ulster and the wolf |
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f. 18
Priest of Ulster and the wolf |
f. 18
Priest and wolf |
f. 18
Priest of Ulster and the wolf |
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ff. 18v-19
Bearded Woman and man-ox |
f. 19
Bearded woman of Limerick and man-ox of Wicklow |
f. 19
Bearded woman of Limerick and man-ox of Wicklow |
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f. 19v
Woman of Connaught and Joanna of Paris |
f. 19v
Woman of Connaught and Joanna of Paris |
f. 19v
Cow-stag of Chester |
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ff. 19v-20
Examples of bestiality |
f. 20
Kevin and the blackbird |
f. 20
Kevin and the blackbird |
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f. 20v
Bear of St Firmin of Uzio |
f. 20v
Bear of St Firmin of Uzio |
f. 21
Colman and the ducks |
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f. 21
Colman and the ducks |
f. 21v
Rats of Ferneginan and the wandering bell of Mactalewus |
f. 21v
Rats of Ferneginan |
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ff. 21v-22
Marginal scenes |
f. 22
Falcon of Kildare and the Gospels of Kildare |
f. 22
The Gospels of Kildare |
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f. 22
Falcon of Kildare and the Gospels of Kildare |
f. 23
Salmon |
f. 23
Salmon |
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f. 23
Salmon |
f. 23v
Crucifix of Dublin |
f. 23v
Crucifix of Dublin |
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ff. 23v-24
Crucifix of Dublin |
f. 26
Woman playing a harp |
f. 26
Woman playing a harp |
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f. 27v
Man carrying another |
f. 27v
Man carrying another |
f. 28
Man killing another |
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f. 28
Man killing another |
f. 28
Man killing another |
f. 28v
Kingship ritual |
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f. 28v
Kingship ritual |
ff. 28v-29
Kingship ritual and the Irish |
f. 29
Men of Connaught in a boat |
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f. 29
Men of Connaught in a boat |
f. 29
Men of Connaught in a boat |
f. 30
Bernard blowing the horn of Brendan |
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f. 30
Bell and crozier |
f. 30
Bernard blowing the horn of Brendan |
f. 30v
A crippled man |
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f. 30v
A crippled man |
f. 30v-31
Crippled man |
f. 34v
Decorated initial |
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f. 37
Zoomorphic initial |
f. 54v
Illuminated initial |
f. 74v
Decorated initial |
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f. 100v
Decorated initial |
f. 101v
Decorated initial |
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