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Detailed record for Additional 22413
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| Author |
Joseph Kara |
| Title |
Festival prayer book for Shavuot (Feast of Weeks) and Sukkot (Feast of the Tabernacles), German rite (aka the 'Tripartite Mahzor' ) including biblical readings: The Book of Ruth and the Book of Ecclesiastes with Joseph Kara's commentary |
| Origin |
Germany, S. (area of Lake Constance) |
| Date |
ca. 1322 |
| Language |
Hebrew |
| Script |
Ashkenazi square and semi-cursive script, partially punctuated |
| Scribe |
Hayyim (f. 80v: Hayyim hazaq; f. 167v: the word hayyim is decorated) |
| Decoration |
5 historiated initial-word panels in colours and gold (ff. 3, 49, 71, 85, 148), and 3 inhabited initial-word panels in colours and gold (f. 98, 106, 131). 12 medallions of the zodiac signs in colours (ff. 138-142v). Commentary written in carmina figurata. |
| Dimensions in mm |
315 x 220 (200/300 x 150/165) |
| Official foliation |
ff. 167 (+ 4 unfoliated paper flyleaves at the beginning and at the end) |
| Collation |
21 quires: i8 (ff. 1-8), ii8 (ff. 9-16), iii8 (ff. 17-24), iv8 (ff. 25-32), v8 (ff. 33-40), vi8 (ff. 41-48), vii8 (ff. 49-56), viii8 (ff. 57-64), ix12 (ff. 65-76), x6 (ff. 77-82), xi8-1 (ff. 83-89), xii8 (ff. 90-97), xiii8 (ff. 98-105), xiv8 (ff. 106-113), xv8 (ff. 114-121), xvi8 (ff. 122-129), xvii8 (ff. 130-137), xviii8 (ff. 138-145), xix8 (ff. 146-153), xx8 (ff.154-161), xxi6 (ff. 162-167). No catchwords. |
| Form |
Parchment codex |
| Binding |
BM/BL in-house. |
| Provenance |
Coats of arms of Bavaria and Austria at a depiction of two knights fighting (volume 1, f. 103v). The scene may refer to a battle bewteen King Frederick the Fair of Austria and his rival king, King Louis IV the Bavarian, at Mühldorf in 1322. This data is one of the criteria on which the manuscript was dated: see Narkiss 1968, p. 130, and Shalev-Eyni 2001, p. 294.
Jacob Daniel bar Abraham Ulmo: owner, inscribed with his name (f. 1).
An obituary entry of 1572 (f. 167v).
Adolphus Asher (b. 1800, d. 1853), Berlin bookseller and dealer to the British Museum 1841-1853 (see David Paisey, 'Adolphus Asher (1800-1853): Berlin bookseller, anglophile and friend to Panizzi', in The British Library Journal, 23 (1997), 131-53): purchased by the British Museum from him on 12 June 1858: inscribed (f. [168v]). |
| Notes |
The codex is the second volume of a three-volume prayer book; the first volume is kept in Budapest (Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Kaufmann Collection MS A384), and the third volume is in kept in Oxford (Bodleian Library MS Michael 619). Originally the prayer book constituted a two-volume codex.
The manuscript is related stylistically to the Duke of Sussex Pentateuch (Add 15282) and the Gradual of Saint Katharinental (Zürich, Schweizerisches Landesmuseum, Frauenfeld, LM 26117). |
| Select bibliography |
Israel Davidson, Otsar ha-shirah veha piyut: mi-zeman hatimat kitve ha- kodesh ad reshit tekufat ha-haskalah [Thesaurus of Mediaeval Hebrew Poetry] (New York: Bet midrash ha-Rabanim de-Amerikah, 1924-1933) [on the text].
George Margoliouth, Catalogue of the Hebrew and Samaritan Manuscripts in the British Museum, 4 vols (London: British Museum, 1899-1935; vols I-III repr. 1965); IV, Introduction, Indexes, ed. by Jacob Leveen (London: British Museum, 1977), II, no. 662.
Bezalel Narkiss, ‘A Tripartite Illuminated Mahzor from a South German School of Hebrew Illuminated Manuscripts around 1300’, in Fourth World Congress of Jewish Studies Papers, [2 volumes] (Jerusalem: World Union of Jewish Studies, 1968), II, pp. 129-33.
Bezalel Narkiss, Hebrew Illuminated Manuscripts (New York: Macmillan, 1969), p. 108.
Joseph Gutmann, Hebrew Manuscript Painting (New York: Braziller, 1978), pp. 92-95.
Therese and Mendel Metzger, Jewish Life in the Middle Ages: Illuminated Hebrew Manuscripts of the Thirteenth to the Sixteenth Centuries (New York: Alpine Fine Arts Collection, 1982), p. 304.
Bezalel Narkiss, ‘On the Zoocephalic Phenomenon in Medieval Ashkenazi Manuscripts’, in Norms and Variations in Art. Essays in Honour of Moshe Barasch (Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 1983), pp. 49-62.
Bezalel Narkiss, 'Pharaoh is Dead and living at the Gates of Hell', Journal of Jewish Art, 10 (1984), 6-13 (p. 10).
Gabrielle Sed-Rajna, La Bible hébraïque (Fribourg: Office du Livre, 1987), pp. 147 and 150.
Ruth Mellinkoff, Antisemitic Hate Signs in Hebrew Illuminated Manuscripts from Medieval Germany (Jerusalem: Center of Jewish Art–The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 1999).
Sarit Shalev-Eyni, ‘Ha-Mahzor ha-Meshullash’, unpublished doctoral thesis, (Jerusalem: Hebrew University, 2001).
Zsofia Buda, ‘Zoocephalic Figures in the Tripartite Mahzor’, unpublished M.A. Thesis (Budapest: Central European University, 2005). Summary published in Annual of Medieval Studies at CEU, 12 (2006), 33-47.
Sarit Shalev-Eyni, 'In the Days of the Barley Harvest: The Iconography of Ruth', Artibus et Historiae, 26 (2005), 37-57.
Zsofia Buda, ‘Animals and the Gaze at Women. Zoocephalic Figures in the Tripartite Mahzor’, in Animal Diversities, ed. by Gerhard Jaritz and Alice Choyke (Krems: Medium Aevum Quotidianum, 2005), pp. 136-66.
Ilana Tahan, Hebrew Manuscripts: The Power of Script and Image (London, British Library, 2007), p. 88.
Sacred: Books of the Three Faiths: Judaism, Christianity, Islam (London: British Library, 2007), p. 146 [exhibition catalogue]. |
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f. 3
Receiving the Law |
f. 3
Receiving the Law |
f. 71
The Book of Ruth |
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f. 71
The Book of Ruth |
f. 85
Sukkot |
f. 98
Initial-word panel |
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f. 98
Initial-word panel |
f. 106
Book of Ecclesiastes |
f. 106
Book of Ecclesiastes |
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f. 131
Shemini Atzeret |
f. 131
Shemini Atzeret |
f. 138
Aries |
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f. 138
Aries |
f. 138v
Taurus |
f. 138v
Taurus |
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f. 139
Gemini |
f. 139
Gemini |
f. 139v
Cancer |
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f. 139v
Cancer |
f. 140
Leo and Virgo |
f. 140
Virgo |
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f. 140
Leo |
f. 140v
Libra |
f. 140v
Libra |
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f. 141
Scorpio |
f. 141
Scorpio |
f. 141v
Sagittarius |
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f. 141v
Sagittarius |
f. 142
Capricorn and Aquarius |
f. 142
Aquarius |
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f. 142
Capricorn |
f. 142v
Pisces |
f. 142v
Pisces |
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f. 148
Historiated initial-word panel |
f. 148
Historiated initial-word panel |
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