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Detailed record for Additional 12531
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| Title |
Genealogy of the Royal Houses of Spain and Portugal (the 'Portuguese Genealogy') |
| Origin |
Portugal (Lisbon) and S. Netherlands (Bruges) |
| Date |
circa 1530 to 1534 |
| Language |
Portugese |
| Script |
Display script |
| Artists |
Miniatures, of which five are by Simon Bening (d.1561) ( (ff. 2, 4, 5, 5*, and 10) and seven by Antonio de Hollanda (active c.1518-1551). See Notes. |
| Decoration |
10 complete and 3 incomplete very large miniatures on the genealogy of the royal houses of Spain and Portugal, in colours with gold. |
| Dimensions in mm |
580 x 430 (borders 525 x 370) |
| Official foliation |
ff. 13 |
| Form |
Detached parchment leaves. |
| Binding |
Mounted. (Earlier mounts are now kept separately as Add MS 12531/4, Add MS 12531/5, Add MS 12531/6 and Add MS 12531/7). |
| Provenance |
Made for the Infante Dom Fernando of Portugal (b. 1507, d. 1534): Damiao de Gois (1501-1573) a diplomat, records that he 'ordered a drawing of the tree and trunk of this line since the time of Noah to King Manuel I, his father. [Dom Fernando] ordered it illuminated for himself by the principal master of this art in all of Europe, by name of Simon of Bruges in Flanders. For this tree and other things I spent a great deal of money' (cited in Kren and McKendrick 2003), started by 1530: a letter from Gois (see Kren and McKendrick 2003),
The drawings were supplied by Antonio de Holanda of Lisbon (b. c. 1490): the notations in his son Francesco's copy of Vasari (see Kren and McKendrick 2003),
The bulk of the manuscript was acquired in 1842 by Newton Scott in Lisbon and sold to the British Museum in the same year.
Two remaining folios (now f.5* and f.9*) were acquired from Baron Hortega of Madrid in 1868. |
| Notes |
Full digital coverage available for this manuscript: see Digitised Manuscripts at http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts.
The manuscript is kept in 3 separate boxes, labelled Add MS 12531/1 (ff. 1, 2,3,4), Add MS 12531/2 (ff. 5, 5*, 6,7) and Add MS 12531/3 (ff. 8, 8, 9*, 10, 11).
The Portuguese Genealogy was conceived as a long-distance collaboration between Antonio de Hollanda, based in Lisbon, and Simon Bening of Bruges, whose reputation as an illuminator had by the time of the commission spread throughout Europe.
Hollanda designed the miniatures for the genealogy, which were sent to Bening in Bruges one by one. In time, however, Bening grew frustrated by the slow progress of the commission, and he abandoned the project, leaving Hollanda to complete the miniatures.
Of the surviving thirteen leaves, Bening was responsible for five (ff. 2, 4, 5, 5*, and 10).
Seven were completed by Hollanda (ff. 1, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 9*), and one remains unpainted, revealing Hollanda’s skillful draughtsmanship (f.11).
It is unclear how extensive the genealogy was intended to be, or how much of it was completed. |
| Select bibliography |
Góis, D. de. Crónica do Felicíssimo Rei D. Manuel (Lisbon, 1619; repr. Coimbra, 1953), pt. II, chap.xix, p. 65.
Figaničre, F. F. de la. Catologo dos manuscriptos portuguezez existentes no Museu brittanico (Lisbon, 1853), pp. 268-76.
Weale, W.H.J. 'Les Enlumineurs de Bruges', Le Beffroi, 4 (1872-73), p.118.
Kaemmerer, L.J.K. and H.G. Ströhl. Ahnenreihen aus dem Stammbaum des portugiesischen Königshauses: Miniaturenfolge in der Bibliothek des British Museum (Stuttgart, 1903).
Weale, W.H.J. Review of L.J.K. Kaemmerer and H.G. Ströhl Ahnenreihen aus dem Stammbaum des portugiesischen Königshauses: Miniaturenfolge in der Bibliothek des British Museum (Stuttgart, 1903).
Burlington Magazine, 3 (1903) pp. 321-324.
Thieme, U. and F. Becker, ed. Allgemeines Lexikon der bildenden Künstler (Leipzig, 1907-50), I, p. 596.
Durrieu, P. 'L’Enlumineur flamand Simon Bening.' Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres. Comptes rendus des séances (1910), pp.166-67.
Destrée, J. Les Heures de Notre-Dame, dites de Hennessy: Étude sur un manuscrit de la Bibliothčque royale de Belgique (Brussels, 1923), pp.23-28.
Winkler, F. Die flämische Buchmalerei des XV. und XVI. Jahrhunderts : Künstler und Werke von den Brüdern van Eyck bis zu Simon Bening / Mit 91 Lichtdrucktafeln (Leipzig, 1925), pp.139-140, 176, pls.80,81.
Durrieu, P. La Miniature flamande au temos de la cour de Bourgogne (1415-1530), 2nd edition (Paris and Brussels, 1927), pp.43, 90, pl.xci.
Santos, R. dos. 'Les Principaux Manuscripts ŕ peintures conservés en Portugal', Bulletin de la Société française de Reproductions de Manuscrits ŕ Pientures 14 (1930), pp..23, 25-26, 30, 32.
Wescher, P. 'Sanders and Simon Bening and Gerard Horenbout', Art Quarterly 9 (1946), p. 209.
Santos, R. dos. 'Un Exemplaire de Vasari annoté par Francisco de Olanda.' Studi Vasariani (1950), pp.91-92.
Flemish Art 1300-1700, Winter Exhibition 1953-4 (London: Royal Academy of Arts ,1953-4), no. 626.
Aguiar, A. de. 'Acerca de António de Holanda, um dos autores da Genealogia de D. Manuel Pereira, 3ş Conde da Feria.' Arquivo do Distrito de Averio 25 ( 1959), pp.119-120, 127, 129, 142, 144.
Aguiar, A. de. A Genealogia illuminada do Infante Dom Fernando por Antonio de Holanda e Simăo Bening: estudo histórico e crítico. (Lisbon, 1962).
Smith, R.C. The Art of Portugal 1500-1800 (New York, 1968), p. 200.
Baumgarten, S. 'Saint Etienne et sa ‘Descendance’ vus par Simon Bening', Acta Historiae Artium 18 (1972), pp. 137-141.
Baumgarten, S. 'Présence de la Hongrie', Acta Historiae Artium, 21 (1975), 83-85.
Biermann, A. 'Die Miniaturenhandschriften des Kardinals Albrecht von Brandenburg (1514-1545)'. Aachener Kunstblätter des Museumsvereins 46 (1975), pp. 40, 42, 269-70.
Seguardo, J. Francisco d’Ollanda (Lisbon, 1975), p.157.
Kupfer-Tarasulo, M. 'Innovation and Copy in the Stein Quadriptych of Simon Bening.' Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschicte 42 (1979), pp. 274-75 n.5, 298 n. 73.
Renaissance Painting in Manuscripts: Treasures from the British Library, ed. by Thomas Kren (New York: Hudson Hill Press, 1983), no. 9, pl. XII.
Jonathan J. G. Alexander, Medieval Illuminators and their Methods of Work (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1992), p. 34.
Smeyers, M. and J. Van der Stock Flemish Illuminated Manuscripts 1475-1550 (Ghent, 1996), p. 39.
Maurits Smeyers, Flemish Miniatures from the 8th to the mid-16th Century (Leuven: Brepols, 1999), pl. 96 on p. 480.
Thomas Kren and Scot McKendrick, Illuminating the Renaissance: the Triumph of Flemish Manuscript Painting in Europe (2003), no. 147.
Scot McKendrick, Flemish Illuminated Manuscripts 1400-1550 (London: British Library, 2003), pls.134-136.
Sacred: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam and their Sacred Texts (London: British Library, 2007), p. 211 [exhibition catalogue].
Margaret Scott, Medieval Dress & Fashion (London: British Library, 2007), pl. 116.
Joni M. Hand, 'Female Book Owners in the Valois courts, 1350-1550: Devotional Manuscripts as Vehicles for Self-Definition' (doctoral dissertation, City University of New York, 2010, published by ProQuest), p. 82.
Juana Hidalgo Ogáyar, 'Los Manuscritos iluminados y la corte espańola del siglo XVI: el miniaturista Manuel Denis', in Arte, poder y sociedad en la Espańa de los siglos XV a XX, ed. by Miguel Cabańas Bravo, Amelia López-Yarto Elizalde, and Wifredo Rincón Garcia (Madrid: CSIC, Consejo Superior de Investigationes Científicas, 2008), pp. 193-202 (p. 194). |
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f. 2
Magog |
f. 4
Genealogical Tree of the Kings of Aragon |
f. 5
Genealogical Tree of the Kings of Aragon |
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f. 5*
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f. 7
Alfonso of Portugal, Lisbon |
f. 8
Kings of Portugal |
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f. 8
Porto |
f. 9*
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f. 10
Genealogical Tree of John, Duke of Lancaster |
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f. 10
Genealogical Tree of John, Duke of Lancaster |
f. 11
Geneological tree of England and Castile |
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