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Detailed record for Stowe 594
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| Title |
Pictorial book of arms of the Order of the Garter ('William Bruges's Garter Book') |
| Origin |
England, S. E. (probably London) |
| Date |
c. 1430- c. 1440 (before 1450) |
| Language |
Latin |
| Script |
Gothic and Gothic cursive inscriptions |
| Decoration |
27 full page miniatures in pen and watercolours, 26 with a standing knight holding a panel with heraldic shields of successors in their Garter stalls at St George's Chapel, Windsor, and 1 of George and the dragon and a kneeling Garter King (the principal officer of the Order). |
| Dimensions in mm |
385 x 285 |
| Official foliation |
ff. 20 ( + numerous unfoliated paper leaves) |
| Form |
Paper codex (miniatures mounted on modern paper) |
| Binding |
Post-1600. Brown diced leather with gold tooling, including flowers. |
| Provenance |
Made for William Bruges, (b. c.1375, d. c. 1450), herald: inscriptions (ff. 6, 7); see also Ailes 2004) with reference to and image of this manuscript.
John Writhe (d. 1504), herald (see Gothic 2003).
? Sir Thomas Wriothesley [formerly Writhe] (d. 1534), herald (see Gothic 2003).
Elias Ashmole (b. 1617, d. 1692), astrologer and antiquary, in 1665 (see Gothic 2003; O'Conor 1819).
John Anstis (b. 1669, d. 1744), herald and antiquary (see Gothic 2003).
William Bayntun, F.S A. (d. 1785): inscription (f. 1): bought by Meyrick for 10 guineas.
John Meyrick (d. 1805): his sale, 7 February, lot 958, bought by Towneley for £23.2: inscription (f. 1).
John Towneley (d. 1816): his bookplate (inside upper cover): bought by the Duke of Buckingham for £25 17s 6d at Towneley's sale in May 1816 according to the inscription cited below (f. 1).
Richard Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville (b. 1776, d. 1839), 1st duke of Buckingham and Chandos, of Stowe House, near Buckingham: inscribed with the press-mark 'Press IX No. 38' (inside upper cover) corresponding to his catalogue; see O’Conor 1819; inscribed 'This book was bought at Mr. Townley's sale for £28: 17.6 Chandos Buckingham' (f. 1).
Richard Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville (b. 1797, d. 1861), 2nd duke of Buckingham and Chandos: sold in 1849 to Lord Ashburnham.
Bertram Ashburnham (b. 1797, d. 1878), 4th earl of Ashburnham, of Ashburnham Place, Sussex.
Bertram Ashburnham (b. 1840, d. 1913), 5th earl of Ashburnham: purchased by the British Museum from him together with 1084 other Stowe manuscripts in 1883. |
| Notes |
This is the first armorial for the Order of the Garter. The leaves were rearranged and are now mounted on paper leaves.
ff. 1-3v are later notes; f. 4 is a page from a printed book.
Watermark of a barbed anchor with a small cross (ff. 5 (portion) 20), is similar to C. M. Briquet, Les Filigranes: Dictionnaire historique des marques du papier dès leur apparition vers 1282 jusqu'en 1600, A Facsimile of the 1907 edition with supplementary material, ed. by Allan Stevenson, 4 vols (Amsterdam: The Paper Publications Society, 1968), no. 389 (Estopey 1418; Troyes 1426). |
| Select bibliography |
Charles O'Conor, Bibliotheca Ms. Stowensis: A Descriptive Catalogue of the Manuscripts in the Stowe Library, 2 vols (Buckingham: Seeley, 1818-1819), II, 552-53.
Catalogue of the Stowe Manuscripts in the British Museum, 2 vols (London: British Museum, 1895-1896), I, no. 594.
British Heraldry from its Origins to c. 1800, ed. by Richard Marks and Anne Payne (London: British Museum, 1978), [exhibition catalogue] no. 237.
Ann Payne, 'The Salisbury Roll of Arms, c. 1463', in England in the Fifteenth Century: Proceedings of the 1986 Harlaxton Symposium, ed. by Daniel Williams (Woodbridge: Boydell Press, 1987), pp. 187-98 (pp. 190-91, pl. 5).
Two East Anglian Pictur Books : A Facsimile of the Helmingham Herbal and Bestiary and Bodleian Ms. Ashmole 1504, ed. by Nicholas Barker (London: The Roxburghe Club, 1988), p. 16 n. 2..
Kathleen L. Scott, ‘Design, Decoration and Illustration’, in Book Production and Publishing in Britain 1375-1475 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989), pp. 31-64 (p. 56 n. 22).
Kathleen L. Scott, Later Gothic Manuscripts 1390-1490, A Survey of Manuscripts Illuminated in the British Isles, 6, 2 vols (London: Harvey Miller, 1996), II, no. 84 [with additional bibliography].
Ruth J. Dean and Maureen B. M. Boulton, Anglo-Norman Literature: A Guide to Texts and Manuscripts, Anglo-Norman Text Society, Occasional Publications Series, 3 (London: Anglo-Norman Text Society, 1999), no. 391.1.
Gothic: Art for England 1400-1547, ed. by Richard Marks and Paul Williamson (London: V & A Publications, 2003), no. 80 [exhibition catalogue, with additional bibliography].
Adrian Ailes, ‘Bruges, William (c.1375–1450)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004) [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50120, accessed 9 March 2006].
Royal Manuscripts: The Genius of Illumination (London: British Library, 2011), no. 128 [exhibition catalogue]. |
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f. 1v
Knights of the Garter |
f. 2
Added notes |
f. 3
Added notes |
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f. 4
Print |
f. 4v
Printed page |
ff. 5v-6
Garter King |
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f. 5v
William Bruges |
ff. 7v-8
Edward III and Duke of Lancaster |
f. 7v
Edward III |
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f. 8
Henry, Duke of Lancaster |
ff. 8v-9
Cappedan de la Bouche |
ff. 9v-10
de Lisle and Beauchamp |
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ff. 10v-11
Courtney and Grey |
ff. 11v-12
Stapleton and Wrottesley |
ff. 12v-13
Chandos and Holland |
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ff. 13v-14
Sanset Dabrichecourt and Prince Edward |
ff. 14v-15
Earl of Warwick and Lord Stafford |
ff. 15v-16
Earl of March and Burghersh |
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ff. 16v-17
Lord Mohun and Holland |
ff. 17v-18
FitzSimon and Walle |
ff. 18v-19
Lorying and Dandele |
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ff. 19v-20
Eam and Paveley |
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