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Detailed record for Royal 15 D I
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| Author |
Guyart des Moulins |
| Title |
La Bible Historiale, part 4 (Bible Historiale of Edward IV) |
| Origin |
Netherlands, S. (Bruges) |
| Date |
1470 and c. 1479 |
| Language |
French |
| Script |
Gothic cursive (bâtarde) |
| Scribe |
Jean du Ries of Bruges |
| Artists |
Master of the Soane Josephus, Master of Edward IV, Master of the Harley Froissart, Follower of Loyset Liédet, and Master of the Vienna Chroniques d'Angleterre |
| Decoration |
11 large miniatures in colours and gold, with full borders and foliate initials in colours with penwork decoration in gold, at the beginning of books (ff. 18, 31, 45, 66v, 77, 91, 119v, 175, 197, 219, 353). 65 smaller miniatures partially in grisaille and 1 in colours, with partial borders in colours, at the beginning of some chapters, some with instructions for illuminators in the lower margins (e.g., ff. 319, 380). Initials in gold on blue and rose grounds with penwork decoration in white. Line-fillers in rose and blue with penwork decoration in white. |
| Dimensions in mm |
435 x 320 (268 x 197) |
| Official foliation |
ff. 439 (+ 1 unfoliated medieval parchment flyleaf attached to a modern paper flyleaf at the beginning and at the end, and 2 unfoliated medieval parchment flyleaves at the beginning and at the end) |
| Form |
Parchment codex |
| Binding |
Post-1600. The Royal Library binding of brown leather with the royal arms of England, and a date of 1757; gilt edges. |
| Provenance |
Jean du Ries of Bruges, written by him and dated 1470: inscribed, 'Cy com[m]ence la / table des chapi/tres du quart / volume de listoire scolastiq[ue]/...Lequel livre fur fait a / bruges par le com[m]andem[en]t / et voulente de [over an erasure: treshault / tres excellent et tres victo/rieux prince edouard le / quart de ce nom Roy da[n]/gleterre et cet[era]] Lan de g[ra]ce mil CCCClxx' (f. 1); his colophon, 'Escript par moy J. du Ries' (f. 439v) ; other manuscript written by him are: Royal 14 E VI, Royal 15 E II- III, and Copenhagen Kongelige Bobliotek Thott 463 2º.
Edward IV (b. 1442, d. 1483), king of England and lord of Ireland, adapted for him as the part of a set with Royal 18 D IX-X, dated 1479: the royal arms of England surmounted by a crowned helm with mantling in Edward's colours of red and blue, surrounded by the Garter, and a Yorkist badge, 'Dieu et mon droit' on a banner bearing a white rose en soleil of the York family, over erasures (f. 18).
The Old Royal Library (the English Royal Library): included in the list of books at Richmond Palace of 1535, no. 31; and in the catalogue of 1666, Royal Appendix 71, f. 14.
Presented to the British Museum by George II in 1757 as part of the Old Royal Library. |
| Notes |
Full digital coverage available for this manuscript: see Digitised Manuscripts at http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts.
Volume 4 of a set that includes Royal MS 18 D IX and Royal MS 18 D X; it is not known whether the third volume ever existed.
Contains the second edition of the Bible Historiale, a French adaptation of Peter Comestor's Historia scholastica by Guyart des Moulins (c. 1291-95), preceded by a list of contents (ff. 1-17v).
Two artists, the Master of the Soane Josephus and the Master of Edward IV, working in collaboration, were responsible for large miniatures, except f. 66. Another two artists executed all but 2 of the one-column miniatures, The Master of the Harley Froissart (ff. 36v, 43, 47, 57, 58, 62v, 86v, 93v, 101, 109, 117, 123, 128, 165, 166, 170, 336v, 340v, 340v, 342, 348, 348v, 358v, 361, 364v, 368, 370, 376, 380, 392, 396v, 405v) and the Follower of Loyset Liédet (ff. 23, 39v, 41, 134, 138v, 143, 151v, 154, 161v, 178, 182v, 186, 190v, 203, 211, 221, 226, 227v, 229v, 233, 241, 246v, 254v, 263v, 267, 277v, 280v, 286, 290v, 297, 302v, 311, 319), with 1 miniature by the Master of the Vienna Chroniques d'Angleterre (f. 425v), and 1 by the Master of Edward IV (f. 346). According to Kren and McKendrick 2003, the manuscript was decorated in two phases, the majority of smaller miniatures were executed c. 1470 (except ff. 425v, 346), when the text was transcribed, and the rest of illustrations with new coats of arms were added c. 1479, when the manuscript was meant to make part of a set for Edward IV.
Catchwords and bifolium signatures. Foliation in red, beginning on f. 18. |
| Select bibliography |
H. Omont, 'Les manuscrits français des rois d'Angleterre au château de Richmond', in Etudes romanes dédiés à Gaston Paris (Paris: É. Bouillon, 1891), pp. 1-13 (p. 6).
Samuel Berger, La bible française au moyen âge (Paris: Champion, 1884), pp. 162, 177, 179, 203, 296, 389-90.
George F. Warner and Julius P. Gilson, Catalogue of Western Manuscripts in the Old Royal and King’s Collections, 4 vols (London: British Museum, 1921), II, pp. 170-71.
F. Winkler, Die flämische Buchmalerei des XV. und XVI. Jahrhunderts: Künstler und Werke von den Brüdern van Eyck bis zu Simon Bening (Leipzig: E.A. Seemann, 1925), p. 137.
Margaret Kekewich, 'Edward IV, William Caxton, and Literary Patronage in Yorkist England', The Modern Language Review, 66 (1971) 481-87 (pp. 482-83).
A. G. Watson, Catalogue of Dated and Datable Manuscripts c. 700-1600 in the Department of Manuscripts, The British Library, 2 vols (London: British Library, 1979), I, no. 896.
Guy N. Deutsch, Iconographie de l'illustration de Flavius Josephe au temps de Jean Fouquet, Arbeiten zur Literatur und Geschichte des hellenistischen Judentums, 12 (Leiden, 1986), pp. 136, 137, 144, 155.
Georges Dogaer, Flemish Miniature Painting in the 15th and 16th Centuries (Amsterdam: B. M. Israe¨l, 1987), p. 117.
Janet Backhouse, 'Founders of the Royal Library: Edward IV and Henry VII as Collectors of Illuminated Manuscripts', in England in the Fifteenth Century: Proceedings of the 1986 Harlaxton Symposium, ed. by David Williams (Woodbridge: Boydell Press, 1987), pp. 23-42 (pp. 26, 28, 39).
McKendrick, Scot, ‘La Grande Histoire Cesar and the Manuscripts of Edward IV’, in English Manuscript Studies 1100-1700, 2, ed. by Peter Beal and Jeremy Griffiths, (London: British Library, 1990), pp. 109-38, (pp. 110, 116-20).
Patricia Basing, Trades and Crafts in Medieval Manuscripts (London: the British Library, 1990), pl. XI.
Scot McKendrick, 'Lodewijk von Gruuthuse en de Liberije van Edward IV', in Lodewijk von Gruuthuse: Mecenas en europeen Diplomaat, ca.1427-1492, ed. by M.P.J. Martens (Bruges: Stichting, 1992), pp. 153-59 (pp. 154, 159, ns 89, 100).
Scot McKendrick, 'The Romuléon and the Manuscripts of Edward IV', in England in the Fifteenth Century, ed. by Nicholas Rogers, Harlaxton Medieval Studies, 4 (Stamford, 1994), pp. 149-69 (pp. 162, ns 75, 76, 77, 165, n. 101).
Bodo Brinkmann, Die fla¨mische Buchmalerei am Ende des Burgunderreichs: der Meister des Dresdener Gebetbuchs und die Miniaturisten seiner Zeit (Turnhout: Brepols, 1997), pp. 145, 293-96, 397, 399.
Anne F. Sutton and Livia Visser-Fuchs, Richard III’s Books: Ideals and Reality in the Life and Library of a Medieval Prince (Stroud, Gloucestershire, Sutton, 1997), p. 45 n. 21.
The Libraries of King Henry VIII, ed. by J. P. Carley, Corpus of British Medieval Library Catalogues, 7 (London: The British Library, 2000), H1.31.
Akiko Komada, Les illustrations de la Bible Historiale: les manuscrits réalisés dans le Nord, 4 vols (Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Paris IV, 2000), III, no. 38 pp. 767-69.
Scot McKendrick, Flemish Illuminated Manuscripts 1400-1550 (London: British Library, 2003), pl. 45.
Thomas Kren and Scot McKendrick, Illuminating the Renaissance: The Triumph of Flemish Manuscript Painting in Europe (Los Angeles: The J. Paul Getty Museum, 2003), no. 82, pp. 224-25, 282, 295, 297-98, 299, 304. (exhibition catalogue).
The Splendor of the Word: Medieval and Renaissance Illuminated Manuscripts at the New York Public Library, ed. by Jonathan J. G. Alexander, James H. Marrow, and Lucy Freeman Sandler (London: Harvey Miller, 2005), p. 107 n. 4 [exhibition catalogue].
Hanno Wijsman, 'Two Petals of a Fleur: The 'Copenhagen Fleur des Histoires' and the Production of Illuminated Manuscripts in Bruges around 1480', in Fund og Forskning I Det Kongelige Biblioteks, 47 (2008), 17-72 (p. 69, n. 109).
Peter Barber and Tom Harper, Magnificent Maps: Power, Propaganda and Art (London: British Library, 2010), pl. on p. 76.
Scot McKendrick, John Lowden and Kathleen Doyle, Royal Manuscripts: The Genius of Illumination (London: British Library, 2011), no. 53 [exhibition catalogue]. |
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f. 17v
Dedication |
f. 18
Blinding of Tobit |
f. 18
Blinding of Tobit |
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f. 18
Blinding of Tobit |
f. 18
Centaur |
f. 18
Wild man |
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f. 23
Tobias |
f. 23
Tobias |
f. 31
Gedaliach |
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f. 36v
Death of Ezekiel |
f. 36v
Ezekiel |
f. 39v
Hebrews in the furnace |
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f. 39v
Hebrews in the furnace |
f. 41
Daniel's vision |
f. 43
Evilmerodach and Nebuchadnezzar |
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f. 43
Evilmerodach and Nebuchadnezzar |
f. 44v
Text page |
f. 45
Belshazzar's feast |
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f. 45
Belshazzar's feast |
f. 47
Daniel |
f. 47
Daniel |
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f. 57
Daniel |
f. 57
Daniel |
f. 58
Daniel |
| |
f. 58
Daniel |
f. 62v
Rebuilding of the Temple |
f. 62v
Rebuilding of the Temple |
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f. 66v
Death of Holofernes |
f. 76v
Holophernes |
f. 76v
Holofernes |
| |
f. 86v
Jerusalem |
f. 86v
Jerusalem |
f. 91
Ahasuerus |
| |
f. 93v
Coronation of Esther |
f. 93v
Coronation of Esther |
f. 101
Death of Haman |
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f. 101
Death of Haman |
f. 109
Family of Darius |
f. 109
Family of Darius |
| |
f. 117
Death of Heliodorus |
f. 117
Death of Heliodorus |
f. 119v
Death of Alexander |
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f. 123
Mattathias |
f. 123
Mattathias |
f. 128
Judas Maccabeus and Gorgias |
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f. 128
Judas Maccabeus and Gorgias |
f. 134
Judas Maccabeus |
f. 134
Judas Maccabeus |
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f. 138v
Jerusalem |
f. 138v
Jerusalem |
f. 143
Death of Judas Maccabeus |
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f. 143
Death of Judas Maccabeus |
f. 151v
Demetrius and Jonathan |
f. 151v
Demetrius and Jonathan |
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f. 154
Jonathan |
f. 154
Jonathan |
f. 154
Jonathan |
| |
f. 154
Jonathan |
f. 161v
Simon Maccabeus |
f. 161v
Simon Maccabeus |
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f. 165
Death of Simon Maccabeus |
f. 165
Death of Simon Maccabeus |
f. 166
Judas Maccabeus |
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f. 166
Judas Maccabeus |
f. 170
Death of Heliodorus |
f. 170
Death of Heliodorus |
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f. 175
Jerusalem |
f. 178
Antiochus |
f. 178
Antiochus |
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f. 182v
Judas Maccabeus |
f. 182v
Judas Maccabeus |
f. 186
Judas Maccabeus |
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f. 186
Judas Maccabeus |
f. 190v
Found money |
f. 190v
Found money |
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f. 197
Ptolemy |
f. 203
Jerusalem |
f. 203
Jerusalem |
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f. 211
Octavanius, Herod and Anthony |
f. 211
Octavianus, Herod and Anthony |
f. 219
Vision of Zacharias |
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f. 221
Annunciation |
f. 221
Annunciation |
f. 226
Nativity |
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f. 226
Nativity |
f. 227v
Annunciation to the Shepherds |
f. 227v
Annunciation to the Shepherds |
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f. 227v
Annunciation to the Shepherds |
f. 229v
Adoration of the Magi |
f. 229v
Adoration of the Magi |
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f. 233
Presentation in the Temple |
f. 233
Presentation in the Temple |
f. 241
Execution |
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f. 241
Execution |
f. 246v
Disputation in the Temple |
f. 246v
Disputation in the Temple |
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f. 254v
Baptism of Christ |
f. 254v
Baptism of Christ |
f. 263v
Vocation of the apostles |
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f. 263v
Vocation of the apostles |
f. 267
John the Baptist |
f. 267
John the Baptist |
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f. 277v
Raising of the widow's son |
f. 277v
Raising of the widow's son |
f. 280v
Woman of Samaria |
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f. 280v
Women of Samaria |
f. 286
Christ healing |
f. 286
Christ healing |
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f. 290v
Christ preaching |
f. 290v
Christ preaching |
f. 297
John the Baptist |
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f. 297
John the Baptist |
f. 302v
Christ walking on water |
f. 302v
Christ walking on water |
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f. 311
Raising of Lazarus |
f. 311
Raising of Lazarus |
f. 319
Cleansing of the Temple |
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f. 319
Cleansing of the Temple |
f. 336v
Washing of the feet |
f. 336v
Washing of the feet |
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f. 340v
Agony in the Garden |
f. 340v
Agony in the Garden |
f. 342
Arrest of Christ |
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f. 342
Arrest of Christ |
f. 346
Judas |
f. 346
Judas |
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f. 346
Judas |
f. 346
Judas |
f. 348
Christ before Herod |
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f. 348
Christ before Herod |
f. 348v
Scourging of Christ |
f. 348v
Scourging of Christ |
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f. 353
Crucifixion |
f. 353
Crucifixion |
f. 353
Crucifixion |
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f. 358v
Descent from the Cross |
f. 358v
Descent from the Cross |
f. 361
Resurrection of Christ |
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f. 361
Resurrection of Christ |
f. 364v
Christ at Emmaus |
f. 364v
Christ at Emmaus |
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f. 368
Miraculous draught of fishes |
f. 368
Miraculous draught of fishes |
f. 370v
Ascension of Christ |
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f. 370v
Ascension of Christ |
f. 376
Pentecost |
f. 376
Pentecost |
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f. 380
Peter |
f. 380
Peter |
f. 392
Stephen before the council |
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f. 392
Stephen before the council |
f. 396v
Martyrdom of Stephen |
f. 396v
Martyrdom of Stephen |
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f. 405v
Peter's vision |
f. 405v
Peter's vision |
f. 425v
Paul at Philippi |
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f. 425v
Paul at Philippi |
f. 439v
Colophon |
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