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Detailed record for Royal 16 F II
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| ff. 1-248v |
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| Author |
Charles, duke of Orléans; Pseudo-Heloise |
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| Title |
Poems; Art d'amour; Les demandes d'amour; Le livre dit grace entiere sur le fait du gouvernement d'un prince |
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| ff. 1, 73, 89, 137, 188-189, 210. |
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| Author |
Charles, duke of Orléans; Pseudo-Heloise |
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| Title |
Poems; Art d'amour; Les demands d'amour; Le liver dot grace entire sure le fait du government d'un prince |
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| Origin |
Netherlands, S. (Bruges) |
| Date |
3rd quarter of the 15th century, before 1483 |
| Language |
French |
| Script |
Gothic cursive (bâtarde) |
| Artists |
Illuminated by 2 artists: the miniatures and borders on ff. 1, 73 are perhaps by a Dutch artist working in London (see Kren and McKendrick 2003) who might have started the work (according to Backhouse 1987, 1995, 2000, they were executed already during the first campaign, for Edward IV); and 4 miniatures are by the Master of the Prayer Books of around 1500 (ff. 89, 137, 188, 210) working under the direction of Quentin Poulet, Henry VII's librarian from 1492, who, according to Backhouse 1995, completed the text on added pages (ff. 137r-v, 188-189v, 210r-v). |
| Decoration |
Foliate initial in colours and gold (f. 73). Large initials in gold on blue and rose grounds with penwork decoration in gold (ff. 1-138v), some with the royal arms of England or heraldic lions (ff. 21v, 59, 59v, 76). Smaller initials in gold on blue or rose grounds with penwork decoration in gold. Line-fillers in blue and gold or in rose and gold. Calligraphic initials and cadels (e.g., ff. 82v, 139v). |
| Dimensions in mm |
370 x 260 (220 x 160) |
| Official foliation |
ff. i + 248 (+ 2 unfoliated modern paper flyleaves at the beginning and at the end, 1 unfoliated medieval parchment flyleaf at the beginning and 2 at the end; f. i is a medieval parchment flyleaf) |
| Form |
Parchment codex |
| Binding |
Post-1600. Royal library binding of brown leather with the royal arms and a date of 1757; gilt edges. |
| Provenance |
Edward IV (b. 1442, d. 1483), king of England and lord of Ireland: perhaps originally intended for him, but left unfinished after his death in 1483: the royal arms of England in initials (ff. 21v, 59), the Yorkist badge of a white rose en soleil (f. 1), and the lions of March as supporters of the Royal arms (f. 73).
Henry VII (b. 1457, d. 1509), king of England and lord of Ireland adapted for him: the royal arms of England (ff. 1, 73) and the arms of his wife, Elisabeth of York, daughter of Edward IV, surmounted by crowns (f. 1) and impaled (f. 188), with two mottos 'la plus eure' (f. 1) and 'Dieu et mon droit (ff. 1, 137, 188), and the arms of Edward the Confessor and George (f. 1); two shields bearing the royal arms of England labelled with three points, perhaps for prince Arthur (f. 1), red rose of Lancaster supported by a white greyhound and a red dragon between red and white roses (ff. 1, 89, 137, 210v), ostrich feather with a motto 'Ic dene', and a Beaufort's badge of a portcullis used by Henry VII (ff. 89, 137, etc).
Grevais De La Roue, abbot: inscription of the title in his hand (f. i verso) (see Warner and Gilson, 1921).
?Shelfmark of a very large number in brown ink (Carley's 'Old Large Number') '53'.
The Old Royal Library (the English Royal Library): included in the list of books at Richmond Palace of 1535, no. 84, and in the catalogue of 1666, Royal appendix 71, f. 15.
Presented to the British Museum by George II in 1757 as part of the Old Royal Library. |
| Notes |
Full digital coverage available for this manuscript: see Digitised Manuscripts at http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts.
Includes the Poems of Charles, duke of Orléans, written during his captivity in England (1415-1440) (ff. 1-136v) (the only surviving medieval manuscript copy of his work with major illustrations);
Pseudo-Heloise, Art d'amour (ff. 137-187v);
Les demandes d'amour (ff. 188-210);
Le livre dit grace entiere sur le fait du gouvernement d'un prince (ff. 210v-248v).
Bifolium signatures. |
| Select bibliography |
H. Omont, 'Les manuscrits français des rois d'Angleterre au château de Richmond', in Etudes romanes dédiés à Gaston Paris (Paris: É. Bouillon, 1891), pp. 1-13 (p. 10).
J. A. Herbert, Illuminated Manuscripts (London: Methuen, 1911), p. 317.
George F. Warner and Julius P. Gilson, Catalogue of Western Manuscripts in the Old Royal and King’s Collections, 4 vols (London: British Museum, 1921), II, pp. 203-04.
The Beginnings of English Topographical and Landscape Drawing: An Exhibition Held in the Department of Prints and Drawings, British Museum 1949-1950 (London: British Museum, 1949), no. 3.
Charles d’Orléans: Poésies, ed. by Pierre Champion (Paris: Champion, 1923-27), pp. x-xii.
Flemish Art 1300-1700, Winter Exhibition 1953-54 (London: Royal Academy of Arts ,1953-1954), no. 615.
Gordon Kipling, The Triumph of Honour: Burgundian Origin of Elizabethan Renaissance (The Hague: Leiden University Press, 1977), pp. 42-46.
David Fallows, 'Words and Music in Two English Songs of the Mid-15th Century: Charles d'Orléans and John Lydgate,' Early Music, Vol. 5, No. 1 (Jan., 1977), pp. 38-43.
Gordon Kipling, 'Henry VII and the Origin of Tudor Patronage', in Patronage in the Renaissance, ed. by G. Fitch Lytle and S. Orgel (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1981), pp. 117-64 (p. 127).
Artists of the Tudor Court: The Portrait Miniature Rediscovered, 1520-1620, ed. by R. Strong with contributions by V. J. Marrell (London: Victoria and Albert Museum, 1983), no. 1 [exhibition catalogue].
Janet Backhouse, 'Founders of the Royal Library: Edward IV and Henry VII as Collectors of Illuminated Manuscripts', in England in the Fifteenth Century: Proceedings of the 1986 Harlaxton Symposium, ed. by David Williams (Woodbridge: Boydell, 1987), pp. 23-42 (pp. 36-38).
T. Hobbs, 'Prosimentum in Le Livre dit Grace Entière sur le fait du Gouvernement d'un Prince, the Governance of a Prince Treatise in British Library Royal 16 F II', in Littera est Sensus: Essays on Form and Meaning in Medieval French Literature Presented to John Fox, ed. by D. A. Trotter (Exeter: University of Exeter, 1989), pp. 49-62 (pp. 53-54).
Janet Backhouse, 'A Salute to the Tudor Rose', in Miscellanea Martin Wittek: Album de codicologie et de paléographie offert à Martin Wittek, ed. by Anny Raman and Eugène Manning, (Louvain: Peeters, 1993), pp. 1-13 (p. 8, fig. 4).
Leslie Brook, Two Late Medieval Love Treatises: 'Heloise's Art d'Amour' and a Collection of 'Demandes d'Amour' (Oxford: Society for the Study of Mediæval Languages and Literature, 1993), pp. 1-3.
Janet Backhouse, 'Illuminated Manuscripts Associated with Henry VII and Members of his Immediate Family', in The Reign of Henry VII: Proceedings of the 1993 Harlaxton Symposium, ed. by Benjamin Thompson (Stamford: Paul Watkins, 1995), pp. 175-87 (p. 176).
Julia Boffey, 'Charles of Orleans Reading Chaucer's Dream Visions', in Mediaevalitas: Reading the Middle Ages, ed. By Piero Boitani and Anna Torti (Woodbridge: Brewer, 1996), pp. 43-61 (pp. 43, 61)
Janet Backhouse, The Illuminated Page: Ten Centuries of Manuscript Painting in the British Library (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1997), no. 189.
Janet Backhouse, Pictures from the Past: Using and Abusing Medieval Manuscript Imagery, Medieval Research Centre: Text and Studies, 1 (Leicester: University of Leicester, 1997), pl. 6.
J. P. Carley, 'Marks in Books and the Libraries of Henry VIII', Papers-Bibliographical Society of America, 91 (1997), 583-606 (p. 605).
Anne F. Sutton and Livia Visser-Fuchs, Richard III’s Books: Ideals and Reality in the Life and Library of a Medieval Prince (Stroud, Gloucestershire, Sutton, 1997), p. 252 n. 50.
Anne F. Sutton and Livia Visser-Fuchs, ‘The Device of Queen Elizabeth Woodville: A Gillyflower or Pink’, The Ricardian 11 (1997), pp. 17-24.
The Libraries of King Henry VIII, ed. by J. P. Carley, Corpus of British Medieval Library Catalogues, 7 (London: The British Library, 2000), H1.77.
A.E.B. Coldiron, Canon, Period, and the Poetry of Charles of Orleans. Found in Translation (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2000), pp.8, 44-45, 79-85, 182-85.
A.E.B. Coldiron, ‘Translation, Canons, and Cultural Capital: Manuscripts and Reception of Charles d’Orleans’s English Poetry’, in Charles of Orléans in England (1415-1440), ed. by Mary-Jo Arn (Cambridge, MA: Brewer, 2000),183-214 [pp. 186-87].
Janet Backhouse, 'Charles of Orléans Illuminated', in Charles of Orléans in England (1415-1440), ed. by Mary-Jo Arn (Cambridge, MA: Brewer, 2000), pp. 157-63 (pp. 157-59).
Chris Fletcher, Roger Evans, and Sally Brown, 1000 Years of English Literature: A Treasury of Literary Manuscripts (New York: Harry N. Abrams, 2003), p. 38.
Thomas Kren and Scot McKendrick, Illuminating the Renaissance: The Triumph of Flemish Manuscript Painting in Europe (Los Angeles: The J. Paul Getty Museum, 2003), no.119, pp. 394, 398-400, 403.
Scot McKendrick, Flemish Illuminated Manuscripts 1400-1550 (London: British Library, 2003), pl. 94.
James P. Carley, The Books of King Henry VIII and His Wives, preface by David Starkey (London: British Library, 2004), p. 41, pl. 40.
Treasures of the British Library, ed. by Nicolas Barker and others (London: British Library, 2005), p. 24.
Margaret Scott, Medieval Dress & Fashion (London: British Library, 2007), pl. opposite p. 7, pl. 98.
Kathleen L. Scott, Tradition and Innovation in Later Medieval English Manuscripts (London: British Library, 2007), p. 163, n. 223.
Philip Howard, The British Library: A Treasure House of Knowledge (London: Scala Publishers, 2008), no. 48.
Joe Flatman, Ships and Shipping in Medieval Manuscripts (London: British Library, 2009), pl. 127.
Royal Manuscripts: The Genius of Illumination (London: British Library, 2011), no. 133 [exhibition catalogue]. |
| Last revised: 02 June 2011 |
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ff. 1-248v |
| Charles, duke of Orléans; Pseudo-Heloise Poems; Art d'amour; Les demandes d'amour; Le livre dit grace entiere sur le fait du gouvernement d'un prince |
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f. 137
Heloise |
f. 137
Heloise |
f. 137
Rose with hound and dragon |
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ff. 1, 73, 89, 137, 188-189, 210. |
| Charles, duke of Orléans; Pseudo-Heloise Poems; Art d'amour; Les demands d'amour; Le liver dot grace entire sure le fait du government d'un prince |
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f. 1
Court of love |
f. 1
Court of Love |
f. 1
Court of Love |
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f. 12
Text page |
f. 72
Text page |
f. 73
View of London |
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f. 73
View of London |
f. 89
Crucifixion |
f. 96v
Text page |
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f. 188
Castle of Love |
f. 188
Castle of Love |
f. 188
Tudor rose |
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f. 188
Castle of Love |
f. 210v
Prince and his council |
f. 210v
Prince and his council |
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f. 210v
Arms |
f. 210v
Prince hearing mass |
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