|
|
|
|
|
|
Detailed record for Egerton 747
|
|
|
|
| Author |
Bartholomaei Mini de Senis; Platearius; Nicolaus of Salerno |
| Title |
Tractatus de herbis (Herbal); De Simplici Medicina ; Circa instans; Antidotarium Nicolai |
| Origin |
Italy, S. (Salerno) |
| Date |
between c. 1280 and c. 1310 |
| Language |
Latin |
| Script |
Gothic |
| Decoration |
Numerous miniatures of plants in colours, usually several on a page. Initials in red or blue, some with penwork decoration in the other colour. |
| Dimensions in mm |
360 x 240 (written in two columns) |
| Official foliation |
ff. 1* 147 ( + 2 unfoliated modern paper flyleaves at the beginning and 3 at the end + an unfoliated parchment leaf after f. 111; f. 1* is a paper flyleaf) |
| Form |
Parchment codex |
| Binding |
BM/BL in-house. |
| Provenance |
Bought on 10 July 1839 at Southgate's by the British Museum, using the Bridgewater fund (£12,000 bequeathed in 1829 by Francis Henry Egerton, 8th Earl of Bridgewater (b. 1756, d. 1829) (inscription, f. 1*). |
| Notes |
This is the oldest copy of the Tractatus.
Full digital coverage available for this manuscript: see Digitised Manuscripts at http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts.
The contents are as follows:
ff. 1r-106v: Tractatus de herbis, here attributed to Bartholomæus Mini de Senis;
ff. 106v-109r: Images of plants;
ff. 109v-111r: An added text on forecasting (fragment) with a lunar calendar (f. 111r) in Gothic cursive of the mid-14th century;
ff. 112r-124r: Antidotarium Nicolai;
ff. 124r-125r: Nicolaus, De dosibus medicinarum;
ff. 125v-127v: A list of substitution or Quid pro quo, for use when a particular ingredient is unavailable;
ff. 127v-128v: Three texts on weights and measures (fragments);
ff. 128v-146r: Synonyms for plant names and medical ingredients;
ff. 146v-147v: A supplement to the Antidotarum Nicolai. |
| Select bibliography |
List of Additions to the Manuscripts in the British Museum in the Years 1836-1840 (London: British Museum, 1843), 1839, p. 15.
A Guide to the Exhibition of Some Part of the Egerton Collection of Manuscripts in the British Museum (London, 1929), no. 18.
Otto Pacht, 'Early Italian Nature Studies and the Early Calendar Landscape', Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes, 13 (1950), 13-47 (p. 29).
Loren MacKinney, Medical Illustrations in Medieval Manuscripts, Wellcome Historical Medical Library, 5, 2 parts bound together (London: Wellcome Historical Medical Library, 1965), with Thomas Herndon, Part II, Medical Miniatures in Extant Manuscripts: A Checklist, no. 32.
Eleanour Sinclair Rohde, The Old English Herbals (New York: Dover Publications, 1971, repr. of Longmans, Green, 1922), p. 193.
Felix Andreas Baumann, Das Erbario Carrarese und die Bildtradition des Tractatus de herbis, Berner Schriften zur Kunst, 12 (Bern: Benteli, 1974), esp. p. 102.
Luisa Cogliati Arano, The Medieval Health Handbook: Tacuinum Sanitatis, trans. and adapted by Oscar Ratti and Adele Westbrook (London: Barrie & Jenkins, 1976), p. 153.
Bernhard Degenhart and Annegrit Schmitt, Corpus der Italienischen Zeichnungen 1300-1450, part 2 in two volumes (Berlin: Gerb. Mann, 1980), II, pls. 556, 558, 561, 563.
Peter Murray Jones, Medieval Medical Miniatures (London: British Library, 1984), fig. 39.
Peter Jones, 'Secreta Salernitana', Kos (1984), 33-50.
Wolf-Dieter Müller-Jahncke, ‘Die botanische Illustratioe des 14. und 15. Jahrhunderts in Italien’, in Die Kunst und das Studium der Natur vom 14. zum 16. Jahrhundert, ed. by Wolfram Prinz and Andreas Beyer (Cologne: Acta humaniora, 1987), pp. 75-81 (p. 76, pl. 1).
Lucia Tongiorgi Tomasi, ‘Toward the Scientific Naturalism: Aspects of Botanical and Zoological Iconography in Manuscripts and Printed Books in the second half of XV [sic] century’, in Die Kunst und das Studium der Natur vom 14. zum 16. Jahrhundert, ed. by Wolfram Prinz and Andreas Beyer (Cologne: Acta humaniora, 1987), pp. 91-101 (pp. 98-99).
Two East Anglian Pictur Books : A Facsimile of the Helmingham Herbal and Bestiary and Bodleian Ms. Ashmole 1504, ed. by Nicholas Barker (London: The Roxburghe Club, 1988), pp. 16, 31.
Wilifred Blunt and Sandra Raphael, The Illustrated Herbal, 2nd edn (London: Lincoln, 1994), pp. 61, pls 56, 58, 60).
Peter Murray Jones, Medieval Medicine in Illuminated Manuscripts, 2nd edn (London: British Library, 1998; first publ. as Medieval Medical Miniatures, 1984), pp. 67-68, fig. 61.
Minta Collins, Medieval Herbals: The Illustrative Traditions (London: British Library, 2000), pp. 239-65, pls XXII-XXIV.
A Medieval Herbal: A Facsimile of British Library Egerton MS 747, intro. by Minta Collins, list of plants by Sandra Raphael (London: British Library, 2003).
Celia Fisher, Flowers in Medieval Manuscripts (London: British Library, 2004), pp. 7-8.
Alixe Bovey, Tacuinum Sanitatis: An Early Renaissance Guide to Health (London: Sam Fogg, 2005), p. 20, p. 35 n. 22.
Jean A. Givens, Observation and Image-Making in Gothic Art (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005), pp. 90-92, 95, 99, pls 28, 30.
Jean A. Givens, ‘Reading and Writing the Illustrated Tractatus de herbis, 1280-1526’, in Visualising Medieval Medicine and Natural History, 1200-1550, ed. by Jean A. Givens, Karen M. Reeds, and Alain Touwaide, AVISTA Studies in the History of Medieval Technology, Science, and Art, 5 (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2006), pp. 115-45 (pp. 115-25).
Jean A. Givens and D. Stewart, 'The Illustrated Tractatus de Herbis: Images, Infomation and Communication design', Medievalia, a journal of Medieval Studies, 29.1 (2008), 179-206.
Bartholomaeus Mini de Senis, Tractatus de herbis: Ms London, British Library, Egerton 747, ed. by Iolanda Ventura, Edizione nazionale: La Scuola Medica Salernitana', 5 (Florence: Edizioni del Galluzzo, 2009) [a critical edition].
Iolanda Ventura, 'Une oeuvre et ses lecteurs: la diffusion du Circa instans salernitain' in Florilegium mediaevale. Études offertes à Jacqueline Hamesse à l’occasion de son éméritat (Louvain: Institut d’Études Médiévales, 2009), pp. 585-607.
Tractatus de Herbis: Sloane MS 4016, ed. by Alain Touwaide (Barcelona: M. Moleiro, 2013), pp. 51-53.. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
f. 1
Doctor |
f. 2
Aloe Wood and Gold |
f. 3
Chaste Tree, Alum, and Celery |
| |
f. 3v
Buttercups |
f. 4v
Fir Tree and Dill |
f. 5
Asphodel and Garlic |
| |
f. 5v
Yellow Flag |
f. 6
Wormwood |
f. 6v
Cashew Nut Tree |
| |
f. 7
Birthwort and Ambergris |
ff. 7v-8
Mugwort, Tansy, and Feverfew |
f. 7v
Mugwort |
| |
f. 8
Tansy and Feverfew |
f. 9
Orpiment, Bitumen, and Acanthus |
f. 9v
Maidenhair Fern and Agrimony |
| |
f. 10
Coltsfoot and Marshmallow |
f. 10v
King's Spear, Ambrosia, and Asarabacca |
f. 11
Garden Orach; Rose; Anthora Monkshood |
| |
f. 11v
Oats, Caraway, and Amomum |
f. 12
Wood Sorrel, Sorrel, Strawberry Tree, and Balsam |
f. 12v
Armenian bole |
| |
f. 13
Pomegranate and Borage |
f. 13v
Borax |
f. 14
Betony |
| |
f. 14v
Acanthus |
f. 15
Barberry or Hawthorn and Cotton |
f. 15v
Alkanet or Bugloss |
| |
f. 16
Vervain |
f. 16v
Sorrel, Shepherd's Purse, and White Bryony |
f. 17
Milk Thistle |
| |
f. 17v
Great Burdock and Box |
f. 18
Brazilwood, Butcher's Broom, and Beet |
f. 18v
Amaranthus and Cyclamen |
| |
f. 19v
Colocynth and Purging Cassia |
f. 20
Flax Dodder and Cardamom |
f. 20v
Capers |
| |
f. 21
Calamint and Centaury |
f. 21v
Cassia Bark |
f. 22
Castor |
| |
f. 23
Cinnamon and Germander Speedwell |
f. 23v
Ground-pine |
f. 24
Caraway, Cumin, and Hemlock |
| |
f. 24v
Saffron Crocus and Safflower |
f. 25
Rush or Galingale and Sweet Flag |
f. 26
Rock Samphire and Costus |
| |
f. 26v
Gourd |
f. 27v
Coriander and Chervil |
f. 28
Hemp and Thistle |
| |
f. 28v
Teasel and Sweet Chamomile |
f. 29
Navelwort and Onion |
f. 29v
Swine Cress and Reed |
| |
f. 30
Pot Marigold, Rustyback Fern, and Candellaria |
f. 30v
Comfrey, and Self-heal |
f. 31
Cottonweed and Cherry |
| |
f. 31v
Goat's Rue and Honeysuckle |
f. 32
Scammony |
f. 32v
Gum tragacanth |
| |
f. 33
Carrot and Fraxinella |
f. 33v
Tormentil and Date |
f. 34
Endive and Dodder |
| |
f. 34v
Elecampane and Officinal Spurge |
f. 35
Agrimony and Emblic |
f. 35v
Liverwort and Squirting Cucumber |
| |
f. 36
Hellebore |
f. 36v
Leafy Spurge and Wild Rocket |
f. 37
Dwarf Elder and Ivy |
| |
f. 37v
Stinking Iris and Chicory |
f. 38
Eyebright and Flamula |
f. 39
Dropwort and Ash |
| |
f. 39v
Fennel and Fenugreek |
f. 40
Polypody and Wild Strawberry |
f. 40v
Rock Rose, Spindle, and Spurge Laurel |
| |
f. 41
Nightshade, Orphine, and Broad Bean |
f. 41v
Ferula and Fig |
f. 42
Cloves |
| |
f. 42v
Yellow Gentian and Greater Galangal |
f. 43
Resin |
f. 43v
Wood Avnes and Corncockle |
| |
f. 44
Common Gromwell, Clary, and Oak Galls |
f. 44v
Osyris and Broom |
f. 45
Couch Grass |
| |
f. 45v
Gratiola, Lavender, and Joseph's Coat |
f. 46
Snakeshead Iris and Squinancy Root |
f. 46v
Heliotrope and Thistle |
| |
f. 47
Thyme |
f. 47v
Costmary, Primrose, and Henbane |
f. 48
Basil Thyme and Hyssop |
| |
f. 48v
Lords and Ladies and Iris |
f. 49
Cytinus and Juniper |
f. 49v
St John's Wort and Horsetail |
| |
f. 50
Grapevine and Woad |
f. 50v
Ground-pine, Primrose, and Garlic |
f. 51
Moly, Amber, and Laudanum |
| |
f. 51v
Liquorice and Lapis Lazuli |
f. 52
White Lily and Tea-Tree |
f. 52v
Ash and Mercury |
| |
f. 53
Dock |
f. 53v
Lettuce and Lupin |
f. 54
Bay Laurel and Lentisk |
| |
f. 54v
Lentil and Spurge Laurel |
f. 55
Lovage |
f. 55v
Darnel and Hop |
| |
f. 56
Goat's Beard and Prickly Lettuce |
f. 56v
Flax, Toadflax, and Duckweed |
f. 57
Hound's Tongue and Viper's Bugloss |
| |
f. 57v
Ribwort Plantain, Common Sow Thistle, and Burdock |
f. 58
Bilberry |
f. 58v
Melilot and Marsh Mallow |
| |
f. 59
Malva ortensis |
f. 59v
Spearmint |
f. 60
Peppermint and Mint |
| |
f. 60v
Pearls and Mumia |
f. 61
Mandrake and Baldmoney |
f. 61v
Quince |
| |
f. 62
Pomegranate and Crabapple |
f. 62v
White Horehound and Honey |
f. 63
Muscus |
| |
f. 64
Mace and Sweet Marjoram |
f. 64v
Lemon Balm and Mulberry or Blackberry |
f. 65
Honeysuckle and Alexanders |
| |
f. 65v
Devil's Bit Scabious, Herb Robert, and Storksbill |
f. 66
Yarrow and Aubergine |
f. 66v
Melon and Watercress |
| |
f. 67
Pepperwort and Waterlily |
ff. 67v-68
Nutmeg, Coconut, Melagueta Pepper, and Nux Vomica |
f. 67v
Nutmeg and Coconut |
| |
f. 68
Melegueta Pepper, and Nux Vomica |
f. 68v
Love-in-a-Mist and Sea Daffodil |
f. 69
Medlar and Sweet Basil |
| |
f. 69v
Gum |
f. 70
Wild Marjoram |
f. 70v
Tamarind and Barley |
| |
f. 71
Deer Cartilage, Cuttlebone, and Frankincense |
f. 71v
Oleander and Pellitory |
f. 72
Pepper |
| |
f. 72v
Peony |
f. 73
Papaver and Opium |
f. 73v
Corn Poppy and Hog's Fennel |
| |
f. 74
Parsley and Fleabane |
f. 74v
Stone Pine and Plum |
f. 75
Fleawort and Polypody |
| |
f. 75v
Pellitory-of-the-Wall |
f. 76
Purslane and Pennyroyal |
f. 76v
Pear and Citron |
| |
f. 77
Grapevine and Pistacio |
f. 77v
Mountain Germander and Greater Plantain |
f. 78
Ribwort Plantain |
| |
f. 78v
Creeping Cinquefoil and Knotgrass |
f. 79
Maidenhair Spleenwort and Daisy |
f. 79v
Asparagus and Lungwort |
| |
f. 80
Redshank and Indian Liquorice |
f. 80v
Great Burnet and Mouse-ear Hawkweed |
f. 81
Periwinkle and Spotted Orchid |
| |
f. 81v
Peach |
f. 82
Tuberous Hawkbit and Wall Barley |
f. 82v
Dove's-foot Cranesbill and Leek |
| |
f. 83
Rose |
f. 83v
Horseradish |
f. 84
Radish and Rhubarb |
| |
f. 84v
Reuponticum and Madder |
f. 85
Rue |
f. 85v
Rosemary and Blackberry |
| |
f. 86
Dittander and Heliotrope |
f. 86v
Rice and Wild Radish |
f. 87
Turnip |
| |
f. 87v
Spikenard |
f. 88
Black Nightshade and Chinese Lantern |
f. 88v
Sulphur and Houseleek |
| |
f. 89
Soapwort and Dragon's Blood Resin |
f. 89v
Camel Grass and White Mustard |
f. 90
Sarcocolla and Helichrysum |
| |
f. 90v
French Lavender and Orchid |
f. 91
Chicory, Figwort, and Ivory |
f. 91v
Sea-kale and Lizards |
| |
f. 92
Asparagus and Savin |
f. 92v
Burnet Saxifrage and Water Mint |
f. 93
Sage and Scabious |
| |
f. 93v
Watercress and Dragon Arum |
f. 94
Willow and Elder |
f. 94v
Sea Onion |
| |
f. 95
Sicilian Sumach |
f. 95v
White Sandalwood and Alexandrian senna |
f. 96
Wild Thyme and Savory |
| |
f. 96v
Crab-grass and Hart's-tongue Fern |
f. 97
Sea Bindweed and Spinach |
f. 97v
Scallion and Cleavers |
| |
f. 98
Meadow Rue and Jasmine |
f. 98v
Christ's Thorn, Star-thistle, and Sebesten Plum |
f. 99
Solomon's Seal |
| |
f. 99v
Burnet and Sorbus |
f. 100
Fool's Parsley |
f. 100v
Tamarisk |
| |
f. 101
Spurge, Cypress Spurge, and Turpeth Root |
f. 101v
Spanish Turpeth Root and Mullein |
f. 102
Turpentine, Caltrops, and Clover |
| |
f. 102v
Tormentil and Clover |
f. 103
Sweet Violet and Vitrum Glass |
f. 103v
Teasel and Black Bryony |
| |
f. 104
Purple Deadnettle and Stinging Nettle |
f. 104v
Stonecrop and Bindweed |
f. 105
Swallow Wort and Parsley |
| |
f. 105v
Ginger and Turmeric |
f. 106
Sugar-cane |
f. 106v
Sweet-pea and Yarrow |
| |
f. 107
Pimpernels |
f. 107v
Wall Germander and Andronica |
f. 108
Vervain and Blessed Thistle |
| |
f. 108v
Rampion Bellflower and Field Larkspur |
f. 109
Butcher's Broom |
f. 109v
Prognostica Galieni |
| |
f. 110v
Lunar calendar |
f. 111
Lunar calendar |
f. 112
Man |
| |
f. 147v
Coloured initials |
|
|
|
|
