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Detailed record for Harley 1775
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| Title |
Four Gospels (the 'Harley Gospels', or 'Codex Harleianus') |
| Origin |
Italy, N. ? |
| Date |
Last quarter of the 6th century |
| Language |
Latin |
| Script |
Uncial with running titles in Rustic capitals |
| Decoration |
Canon tables in coloured architectural arcades (ff. 6-16). Large initials in brown, 3 with simple penwork decoration, at the beginning of Gospels (ff. 16, 144, 232, 373). Simple decorated endpieces. Small initials in brown. Some text in red or brown in display capitals. |
| Dimensions in mm |
180 x 120 (130 x 75) |
| Official foliation |
ff. 469 + 1* ( + 3 unfoliated paper flyleaves at the beginning and 2 at the end) |
| Form |
Parchment codex |
| Binding |
Post-1600. Red leather with gold tooling. |
| Provenance |
In France by the 9th century, according to Lowe: Tironian notes added in a French hand (f. 11).
Cardinal Mazarin (d.1668).
Bibliotheque du Roi, formerly number 4582, from which it, together with other manuscripts, was taken in 1707 by Jean Aymon and subsequently purchased in Holland by Harley.
The Harley Collection, formed by Robert Harley (b. 1661, d. 1724), 1st earl of Oxford and Mortimer, politician, and Edward Harley (b. 1689, d. 1741), 2nd earl of Oxford and Mortimer, book collector and patron of the arts.
Edward Harley bequeathed the library to his widow, Henrietta Cavendish, née Holles (b. 1694, d. 1755) during her lifetime and thereafter to their daughter, Margaret Cavendish Bentinck (b. 1715, d.1785), duchess of Portland; the manuscripts were sold by the Countess and the Duchess in 1753 to the nation for £10,000 (a fraction of their contemporary value) under the Act of Parliament that also established the British Museum; the Harley manuscripts form one of the foundation collections of the British Library. |
| Notes |
This is source Z in the studies of the Latin New Testament (Wordsworth and White; Bonifatius Fischer).
Corrections in a contemporary hand in slanting uncial employ a Greek style of syllabification recalling the method of Victor of Capua (as in the Codex Fuldensis).
Citations are marked by a diple.
The canon tables are of Nordenfalk's First Latin Group.
f. 1* is a list of chapters on paper flyleaf; f. 1 is a parchment leaf; f. 469 is a paper flyleaf. |
| Select bibliography |
A Catalogue of the Harleian Manuscripts in the British Museum, 4 vols (London: Eyre and Strahan, 1808-12), I, no. 1775.
[E. Maunde Thompson and G. F. Warner], Catalogue of Ancient Manuscripts in the British Museum, 2 vols (London: British Museum, 1881-1884), Part II Latin, pp. 14-15.
Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener, A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament, 4th edn, ed. by Edward Miller, 2 vols (London: George Bell & Sons, 1894), II, 76.
Facsimiles of Biblical Manuscripts in the British Museum, ed. by Frederic G. Kenyon (London: British Museum, 1900), no. IX.
Georg Swarzenski, Die Regensburger Buchmalerei des X. und XI. Jahrhunderts, (Leipzig: Hiersemann, 1901), pp. 8, 17 n. 22.
British Museum Bible Exhibition 1911: Guide to the Manuscripts and Printed Books exhibited in Celebration of the Tercentenary of the Authorized Version (London: British Museum, 1911), no. 12.
Wilhelm Köhler, 'Die Karolingishen Miniaturen', in Zweiter Bericht über die Denkmäler Deutscher Kunst (Berlin: Reimer, 1912), pp. 52-77 (p. 56).
Codices Latini Antiquiores, ed. by E. A. Lowe, 11 vols (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1934-1966), II: Great Britain and Ireland (1935), no. 197.
G. L. Micheli L’enluminure du haut moyen age et les influences irlandaises (Brussels: Editions de la connaissance, 1939), 31, 76, 93.
Wilhelm Koehler, ‘The Fragments of an Eighth-century Gospel Book in the Morgan Library (M. 564), in Studies in Art and Literature for Belle da Costa Greene, ed. by Dorothy Miner (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1954), pp. 238-65 (p. 255, as 'Z').
Otto Pächt, C. R. Dodwell, and Francis Wormald, The St. Albans Psalter (Albani Psalter) (London: Warburg Institute, 1960), p. 100.
Patrick McGurk, Latin Gospel Books , Les Publications de Scriptorium, 5 (Brussels and Amsterdam, 1961), pp. 35-36.
Patrick McGurk, Latin Gospel Books from A. D. 400 to A. D. 800 (Paris: Érasme, 1961), no. 26.
Bonifatius Fischer, Lateinische Bibelhandschriften im frühen Mittelalter, Vetus Latina, 11 (Freiburg: Herder, 1985), 54-5, 60, 63, 91, 131-2, 143, 166, 169, 173, 199, 374-77.
Bonifatius Fischer, Die Lateinischen Evangelien bis zum 10. Jahrhundert, 4 vols (Freiburg: Herder, 1988-1991), I: Varianten zu Matthäus, Vetus Latina die Reste der Altlateinischen Bible: Aus der Geschichte der Lateinischen Bibel, 13, p. 14*.
Aliza Cohen-Mushlin, A Medieval Scriptorium: Sancta Maria Magdalena de Frankendal, Wolfenbütteler Mittelalter-Studien, 3, 2 vols (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1990), I, 109 n. 17.
Michael Gullick, Calligraphy (London: Studio Editions, 1990), pl. 3.
Rosamond McKitterick, 'Carolingian Uncial: A Context for the Lothar Psalter' British Library Journal 16 (1990), 1-15 (fig. 1).
Michelle P. Brown, A Guide to Western Historical Scripts from Antiquity to 1600 (London: British Library, 1990), pl. 5.
Patrick McGurk, ‘The Disposition of Numbers in Latin Eusebian Canon Tables’, in Philologia Sacra: Biblische und patristische Studien für Hermann J. Frede und Walter Thele zu ihrem siebzigsten Geburtstag, ed. by Roger Gryson (Freiburg: Herder, 1993), pp. 242-58 (pp. 243-44, 246).
Carol Farr, The Book of Kells: Its Function and Audience (London: British Library, 1997), pp. 120, 169.
Michelle P. Brown and Patricia Lovett, The Historical Source Book for Scribes (London: British Library, 1999), pl. on p. 44.
Michelle P. Brown, Painted Labyrinth: The world of the Lindisfarne Gospels (London: British Library, 2003), p. 46.
C. M. Kauffmann, Biblical Imagery in Medieval England 700-1500 (London: Harvey Miller, 2003), p. 15 fig 4.
Michelle P. Brown, 'Preaching with the Pen: the Contribution of Insular Scribes to the Transmission of Sacred Text, from the 6th to 9th Centuries', University of London Annual Palaeography Lecture, January 2004, School of Advanced Study, Institute of English Studies, University of London, Centre for Manuscript and Print Studies, Courses & Events, ,[http://www2.sas.ac.uk/ies/cmps/Events/Lectures/2003/fulltext.htm] [ accessed 3 April 2006], p. 30 n. xcv.
In the Beginning: Bibles before the Year 1000, ed. by Michelle P. Brown (Washington: Freer Gallery of Art & Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, 2006), no. 31 [exhibition catalogue].
Scot McKendrick and Kathleen Doyle, Bible Manuscripts: 1400 Years of Scribes and Scripture (London: British Library, 2007), p. 25, fig. 12.
Sacred: Books of the Three Faiths: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam (London: British Library, 2007), p. 79 [exhibition catalogue].
Philip Howard, The British Library: A Treasure House of Knowledge (London: Scala Publishers, 2008), no. 18.
Martin McNamara, The Bible and the Apocrypha in the Early Irish Church (A.D. 600-1200), Instrumenta Patristica et Mediaevalia, Research on the Inheritance of the Early and Medieval Christianity, 66 (Turnhout, Brepols, 2015), pp. 291, 321-22. |
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f. 1v
Blank page |
f. 2
Text page |
f. 2v
Text page |
| |
f. 3
Text page |
f. 3v
Blank page |
f. 4
Text page |
| |
f. 5
Text page |
f. 5v
Blank page |
f. 6
Canon table |
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f. 6v
Canon table |
f. 7
Canon table |
f. 7v
Canon table |
| |
f. 8
Canon table |
f. 8v
Canon table |
f. 9
Canon table |
| |
f. 9v
Canon table |
f. 10
Canon table |
f. 10v
Canon table |
| |
f. 11
Canon table |
f. 11v
Canon table |
f. 12
Canon table |
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f. 12v
Canon table |
f. 13
Canon table |
f. 13v
Canon table |
| |
f. 14
Canon table |
f. 14v
Canon table |
f. 15
Architectural frame |
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f. 15v
Reverse of an architectural frame |
f. 16
Decorated initial |
f. 16v
Text |
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f. 17
Text |
f. 17v
Text page |
f. 18
Text page |
| |
f. 21v
Text page |
f. 22
Text page |
f. 24v
Text page |
| |
f. 25
Text page |
f. 33v
Text page |
f. 34
Text page |
| |
f. 41v
Text page |
f. 42
Text page |
f. 61v
Text page |
| |
f. 62
Text page |
f. 62v
Text page |
f. 64
Text page |
| |
f. 121v
Text page |
f. 122
Text page |
f. 137v
Text page |
| |
f. 138
Text page |
f. 140v
Explicit |
f. 141
Text page |
| |
f. 141v
Text page |
f. 142
Text page |
f. 142v
Mark |
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f. 143
Blank page |
f. 143v
Blank page |
f. 144
Decorated initial |
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f. 144v
Text |
f. 145
Text |
f. 187v
Text page |
| |
f. 188
Text page |
f. 193
Coloured initial |
f. 207v
Text page |
| |
f. 208
Text page |
f. 223v
Line ending |
ff. 223v-224
Explicit and Incipit |
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f. 224
Explicit |
f. 224v
Blank page |
f. 225
Luke |
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f. 226v
Text page |
f. 227
Luke |
f. 232
Luke |
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f. 233
Text |
f. 261
Text page |
f. 349v
Text page |
| |
f. 350
Text page |
f. 369v
Explicit to Luke |
f. 370
John |
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f. 371v
Text page |
f. 372
Blank page |
f. 372v
Blank page |
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f. 373
John |
f. 373
Decorated initial |
f. 373v
Text |
| |
f. 374
Text |
f. 390v
Text page |
f. 390v
Text page |
| |
f. 391
Text page |
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