Public Domain in most countries other than the UK.
These remarkable handwritten memoirs of Lady Anne Halkett (1623–1699) explore romantic rebellion and political intrigue from a female perspective, at a time when the vast majority of writing was still produced by men. Although there are some earlier autobiographies written by English women, they are largely religious. This is perhaps the first to deal with the drama of human love. It tells of Halkett’s struggle between passion and pious obedience, and between illicit love and the security of marriage.
In its themes, the work may remind us of an early modern drama like Romeo and Juliet or an 18th-century novel with dashing men in disguises and courageous, conflicted women.
Writing in 1677–78 with the hindsight of middle-age, Lady Halkett looks back at the turmoil of her youth in 1644–56 when the English Civil Wars were raging. The royalist Anne Halkett expresses her staunch support for King Charles I in his conflict with Parliament.
From the start, Anne takes pains to insist that she is grateful to her parents for her refined Christian education and close connections with court. Her mother Jane Drummond had been governess to Charles I’s children, while her father James Murray (who died when Anne was a baby) had been Provost of Eton College.
But Anne confesses to ‘an act of disobedience’ at the age of 21, when she gave way to Thomas Howard, son of the exiled Lord Howard of Escrick. Thomas had been sent from France to make a ‘rich match’ to a suitably wealthy woman (f. 3r), but instead fell passionately in love with Anne against their parents’ will. When Anne’s mother threatened to ‘turne [her] outt of her doores’ if she ever saw Thomas again (f. 5v), she artfully resolved to be ‘blindfolded’ at their next secret meeting to prevent her from technically ‘seeing him’ (f. 8r). But, despite temptation, she steadfastly refused to marry him ‘without consentt of parents’, since this would be the greatest sign of ‘ingratitude’ (f. 8v). The last we hear of Thomas is in 1646, when he marries ‘an Earle’s daughter’ (f. 11r).
In 1648, Anne shifts her attention to another man, Colonel Joseph Bampfield. In that year the Colonel was plotting to help the Duke of York – the future James II – to escape from imprisonment at St. James by disguising him in women’s clothes. Anne took on the task of ordering the Duke’s scarlet ‘petticoate’ and ‘wastcoate’, though the tailor raised his eyebrows at the unusual size of the waist (f. 13r). Anne bravely dressed the duke in ‘wemen’s habit’, noting that he ‘was very pretty in itt’ (f. 14r) and he succeeded in escaping. Excited by this intrigue, Anne became embroiled with Bampfield, who insisted that his wife was dead and asked Anne to marry him (f. 15v). For years she wrestled with her conscience, but was finally forced to admit that his wife was alive and kicking. The autobiography ends some years later, in 1656, when Anne finally agrees to marry a suitable widower, Sir James Halkett (f. 59r), and takes on her own work in medicine.
his word. And since wee have an advocate with the Father of
Christ the righteous, hee will plead for mee wherin I am inocentt
and pardon wherin I have beene guiltty; for God sentt nott his Son
into the World to Condemne the world, butt that the world through
him might bee Saved, in whom we have boldnese and adrese with
Confidence by the faith of him. And that is the reason why I faint
nott under tribulation, for there is noe sin that ever I
have been guilty of in my whole Life butt I repent
with as much sincearity as I seeke pardon. And I supli
cate for Grace and Live uprightly here, with the same
fervor that I seeke for heaven here affter.
And if the Lord sees fitt to continue mee still in the furnace of
affliction, his blesed will bee done so that I may bee one
his chosen.
[The following statement, in an early hand but not Lady Halkett's]
“This Manuscript”
written by Anne, Dau: of Mr. Thos Murray, Provost of Eton,
and Preceptor of Charles 1_st_ She was Lady of the Bedchamber
Queen Henrietta Maria, and married Sir Jas Halkett, Knt of Pitfirren
[The following is, again, Lady Halkett's hand. This is a transcription of the surviving portion of the text. The missing parts of lines are represented by the margins]
For my parentts I need nott say much, since they were
And I need nott bee ashamed to owne them
was mentioned as my reproach that I was of
ion, whereas hee that now succeds to that fa
was once which was as good a gentleman as any
ter, I shall ever bee sattisfied with what can
the advantage of that familly, but some that
to, both by father and mother would take it till nott
thought Gentlemen; for my father claimed
of beeing derived from the Earle of Tillibardin's familly and
my mother from the Earle of Perth's.
Hee was thought a wise King who made choice of my f
to bee tuter to the late King of blessed memory; and what
the excellentt Prince learnt in his youth kept him stedfast
in his religion though under all the temptations of Spaine,
temperate in all the exceses that attend a court, vertuous
and constant to the only lawfull imbraces of the Queene,
and [unmov]able and undisturbed under all his unparaleld suffe
rings. For all recompence to my father's care in discharging his
duty, hee was made Provost of Eaton Colledge, where hee
his word. And since wee have an advocate with the Father of
Christ the righteous, hee will plead for mee wherin I am inocentt
and pardon wherin I have beene guiltty; for God sentt nott his Son
into the World to Condemne the world, butt that the world through
him might bee Saved, in whom we have boldnese and adrese with
Confidence by the faith of him. And that is the reason why I faint
nott under tribulation, for there is noe sin that ever I
have been guilty of in my whole Life butt I repent
with as much sincearity as I seeke pardon. And I supli
cate for Grace and Live uprightly here, with the same
fervor that I seeke for heaven here affter.
And if the Lord sees fitt to continue mee still in the furnace of
affliction, his blesed will bee done so that I may bee one
his chosen.
[The following statement, in an early hand but not Lady Halkett's]
“This Manuscript”
written by Anne, Dau: of Mr. Thos Murray, Provost of Eton,
and Preceptor of Charles 1_st_ She was Lady of the Bedchamber
Queen Henrietta Maria, and married Sir Jas Halkett, Knt of Pitfirren
[The following is, again, Lady Halkett's hand. This is a transcription of the surviving portion of the text. The missing parts of lines are represented by the margins]
For my parentts I need nott say much, since they were
And I need nott bee ashamed to owne them
was mentioned as my reproach that I was of
ion, whereas hee that now succeds to that fa
was once which was as good a gentleman as any
ter, I shall ever bee sattisfied with what can
the advantage of that familly, but some that
to, both by father and mother would take it till nott
thought Gentlemen; for my father claimed
of beeing derived from the Earle of Tillibardin's familly and
my mother from the Earle of Perth's.
Hee was thought a wise King who made choice of my f
to bee tuter to the late King of blessed memory; and what
the excellentt Prince learnt in his youth kept him stedfast
in his religion though under all the temptations of Spaine,
temperate in all the exceses that attend a court, vertuous
and constant to the only lawfull imbraces of the Queene,
and [unmov]able and undisturbed under all his unparaleld suffe
rings. For all recompence to my father's care in discharging his
duty, hee was made Provost of Eaton Colledge, where hee
ved nott long butt died when I was butt three months old;
yett itt seemes the short time hee lived amongst those
prebends they were so well sattisfied both with him and my
mother that after my father's death they pettitioned to have
his place continued to my mother a yeare w.ch was never before
granted to any woman. And during her time they all renued
there leases as a testimony of there respect & desire to give
her that advantage.
As this may evidence what my father's partts were, So
my mother may bee best knowne by beeng thought fitt both
the late King & Queene's Majesty to bee intrusted twice
h the charge & honor of beeng governese to the Duke of
ocester & the Princese Elizabeth, first during the time that
e Countese of Roxbery (who owned my mother for her cousin)
went, & continued in Holland with the Princese Royall,
and then againe when my Lady Roxbery died. The first
was only by a verball order, butt the last was under the
gnett dated [ ] w.ch I have by mee to produce
f itt were nesesary.
By this short accountt I have given of my pa
seene what trust the greatest thought them Cap
erfore they could nott butt performe a duty to
tt that care was wholy left (next to God’s pro
y mother (my father dying when we were all very
who spared noe expence in educating all her ch
the most suitable way to improve them; and if I ma
tt the advantage I might have done, it was my ow
ault & nott my mother's, who paid masters for teachin
my sister & mee to writte, speake French, play
lute ˄& virginalls, & dance, and kept a gentlewoman
to teach us all kinds of needleworke, wch shows I was
nott brought up in an idle life. Butt my mother's
reatest Care, & for which I shall ever owne to her
memory the highest gratitude, was the great Care
hee tooke that even from our infancy wee were ins
ructed never to neglect to begin and end the day with
prayer, and orderly every morning to read the
Bible, and ever to keepe the church as often
as there was occation to meett there either for
prayers or preaching. So that for many yeares to
gether I was seldome or never absentt from devine
service att five a clocke in the morning in the
summer & sixe a clocke in the winter till the usurped
power putt a restraintt to that puplicke worship
so long owned and continued in the Church of England;
where I blese God I had my education and the
example of a good Mother, who kept constantt to
her owne parish Church and had allways a great
respect for the ministers under whose charge shee
was.
What my childish actions were I thinke I need
nott give accountt of here, for I hope none will thinke
they could bee either vicious or Scandalous. And from
that time till the yeare 1644 I may truly say all
my converse was so inocentt that my owne hart
cannott challenge mee with any imodesty, either
in thought or behavier, or an act of disobedience
to my mother, to whom I was so observantt that
as long as shee lived I doe nott remember that
I made a visitt to the neerest neibour or went any
where withoutt her liberty. And so scrupulous I
was of giving any occation to speake of mee, as I
know they did of others, that though I loved well
to see plays & to walke in the Spring Garden
sometimes (before itt grew something scandalous by the
abuse of some), yett I cannott remember 3 times
ever I wentt with any man besides my brothers &
if I did, my sisters or others better then myselfe was
with mee. And I was the first that proposed and
practised itt, for 3 or 4 of us going together withoutt
any man, and every one paying for themselves by
giving the mony to the footman who waited on
us & hee gave itt in the play howse. And this
I did first upon hearing some gentlemen telling
what ladys they had waited on to plays and
how much itt had cost them, upon which I resolved
none should say the same of mee.
In the yeare 1644 I confese I was guilty of an act
of disobedience, for I gave way to ye adrese
of a person whom my mother, att the first time
thatever hee had occation to bie conversant wth
mee, had absolutely discharged mee ever to allow of:
and though before ever I saw him severalls did tell
mee that there would bee something more then ordinary
betwixt him and mee (wch I beleeve they fudged from
the great friendship betwixt his sister & mee, for
wee were seldome assunder att London, and shee & I
were bedfellows when shee came to my sister's howse
att Charleton, where for the most part shee staed while
wee continued in the country), yett hee was halfe a
yeare in my company before I discovered anything
of a particular inclination for mee more then another
and as I was civill to him both for his owne meritt
and his sister's sake; so any particular civility I recea
ved from him I looked upon itt as flowing from the
affection hee had to his sister and her kindness to mee.
After that time itt seemes hee was nott so much master
of himselfe as to conceale itt any longer. And having
never any opertunity of beeng alone with mee to speake
himself, hee imployed a young gentleman (whose confi
dent hee was in an Amour betwixt him & my Lady
Anne: his Cousin German) to tell mee how much hee
had indeavored all this time to smother his passion
which hee said began the first time that ever hee
saw mee, and now was come to that height
that if I did nott give him some hopes of faver
hee was resolved to goe backe againe into France
(from whence hee had come when I first saw
him) and turne Capucin. Though this discourse
disturbed mee, yett I was a weeke or ten days before
I would bee perswaded so much as to heare him
speake of this subject, & desired his friend to repr
esentt severall disadvantages that itt would bee to
him to pursue such a designe. And know˄ing that
his father had sentt for him outt of France with an
intention to marry him to sum rich match that
might improve his fortune, itt would bee high
ingratitude in mee to doe any thing to hinder
such a designe
since his father had beene so obleeging
to my mother & sister as to use his Lordship's interest with ye
Parliamentt to preventt the ruine of my brother's howse and k.
Butt when all I could say to him by his friend
could nott prevaile, butt that hee grew so ill and
discontented that all the howse tooke notice, I did
yield so farre to comply with his desire as to
give him liberty one day when I was walking in ye gallery
to come there & speake to mee. What
hee said was handsome; & short, butt much disordered,
for hee looked pale as death, & his hand trembled
when hee tooke mine to lead mee, and with a great
sigh said If I loved you lese I could say more.
I told him I could nott butt thinke myselfe much
obleeged to him for his good opinion of mee, butt itt
would bee a higher obligation to confirme his esteeme
of mee by following my advise, wch I should now give
him my selfe, since hee would nott receave it by his
friend. I used many arguements to diswade him from
pursuing what hee proposed, and in conclusion told
him I was 2 or 3 yeare older then hee, & were there
no other objection, yett that was of such weight with
mee as would never lett mee allow his further adrese.
Madam said hee what I love in you may well in –
crease butt I am sure itt can never decay. I left
arguing & told him I would advise him to consult
with his owne reason and that would lett him see
I had more respect to him in denying then in granting
what with so much passion hee desired.
After that, hee sought, & I shunned, all opertunittys of
private discourse with him butt one day in the Garden
his friend tooke his sister by the hand and lead her into
another walke & left him & I together. And hee with
very much seriousnese began to tell mee that hee had
observed ever since hee had discovered his affection
to mee that I was more reserved & avoided all converse
with him & therefore, since hee had noe hopes of my faver
hee was resolved to leave England, since hee could nott
bee hapy in itt. And that what ever became of him
might make him displease either his father or his
friends, I was the occation of it, for if I would not give
him hopes of marying him, hee was resolved to putt him
selfe outt of a Capacity of Marying any other and goe
imediately into a conventt, and that hee had taken
order to have post horses ready against the next
day. I confese this discourse disturbed mee, for though
I had had noe respect for him, his sister, or his familly,
yet Relligion was a tye upon mee to indeaver the
prevention of the hazard of his soule. I looked on
this as a violent passion which would nott last long
and perhaps might grow the more by beeng resisted,
when as a seeming complaisance might lessen itt.
I told him I was sory to have him intertaine such
thoughts as could nott butt bee a ruine to him and
a great affliction to all his relations, wch I would willingly
preventt if itt were in my power. Hee said itt was ab
solutely in my power, for if I would promise to marry
him hee should esteeme himselfe the most hapy man
living, and hee would waite what ever time I thought
most convenientt for itt. I replied I though itt was
unreasonable to urge mee to promise that which ere long hee
might repentt the asking, butt this I would promise
to sattisfy him, that I would nott marry till I saw him
first maried. Hee kist my hand upon that with as much
joy as if I had confirmed to him his greatest hapinese
and said hee could desire noe more, for hee was secure
I should never see nor heare of that till itt was to my
selfe. Upon this wee parted, both well pleased, for hee
thought hee had gained much in what I promised,
and I looked upon my promise as a cure to him, butt
noe inconvenience to myselfe, since I had noe inclin
ation to marry any. And though I had, a delay in itt
was the least returne I could make to so deserving
a person. But I deceaved myselfe by thinking this
was the way to moderate his passion, for now hee
gave way to itt withoutt any restraintt and thought
himselfe so secure of mee as if there had beene nothing
to opose itt, though hee managed itt with that discretion
that itt was scarce visible to any within the howse, nott
so much as either his sister or mine had the least
suspittion of itt, for I had injoymed him not to lett ym
or any other know what his designes were because
I would not have them accessory, what ever fault might
bee in the prosecution of itt. Thus itt continued till
towards winter that his sister was to goe home to her
father againe, and then, knowing hee would want much
of the opertunity hee had to converse with mee hee
was then very importunate to have mee consent to marry
him privately wch itt seemes hee pleased himselfe ˄so with
the hopes of prevailing with mee that hee had provided
a wedding ring and a minister to marry us. I was much
unsattisfied with his going that lengh, & in short, told him
hee need never expect I would marry him withoutt his
father's and my mother's consentt. If that could bee obtained
I should willingly give him the sattisfaction hee desired
butt withoutt that I could nott expect God's blesing neither
upon him nor mee, and I would doe nothing that was
so certaine a way to bring ruine upon us both.
Hee used many argumentts from the examples of others
who had practised the same and was hapy both in there
parentts' faver and in one another, butt finding mee
fixt beyond any perswasion, hee resolved to aquaintt
my sister with itt & to imploy her to speake of itt to
his father & my mother. Shee very unwillingly un
dertooke it, because shee knew itt would bee a surprise
to them and very unwellcome. But his impertunity
prevailed, and shee first aquainted my mother with itt
who was so pasionately offended with the proposall that
whereas his father might have beene brought to have
given his consentt (having ever had a good opinion
of mee & very civill), shee did so exasperate him ag
ainst it that nothing could sattisfy her, but pre
sently to putt itt to Mr. H. choice either presenttly
to marry a rich cittisen's daughter that his father had
designed for him, or els to leave England. The reason
I beleeve that made my mother the more incensed
was, first, that itt was what in the beginning of our aq
uaintance shee had absolutely discharged my having
a thought of allowing such an adrese; and though in
some respect his quality was above mine and therfor
better then any shee could expect for mee, yett my Lord
H. fortune was such as had need of a more consid
erable portion then my mother could give mee, or els
it must ruine his younger chilldren. And therfore my
mother would nott consentt to itt, though my Lord H. did
offer to doe the uttmost his condition would allow him
if shee would lett mee take my hazard with his son.
But my mother would nott bee perswaded to itt upon
noe consideration, lest any should have though itt
was began with her allowance; and to take away ye
suspittion of that, did, I beleeve, make her the more
violent in opposing itt and the more scavere to mee.
My sister made choice of Sunday to speake of itt
first, because shee thought that day might put them
both in a calmer frame to heare her, and confine
there passion, since itt would bee the next day before
they would determine anything. Butt finding both by
my mother and my Lord H. that they intended
nothing butt to part us so as never to meett ag
aine, except itt was as strangers, Mr. H was very
importunate to have an opertunity to speake with mee
that night, wch I gave. My sister beeng only with
mee, wee came downe together to the roome apointed
to meett with him. I confese I never saw those two
pasions of love and regrett more truly represented, nor
could any person exprese greater affection and reso
lution of constancy, which with many solemne oaths
hee sealed of never loving or marying any butt
my selfe. I was not sattisfied with his swearing
to future performances, since I said both hee & I
might find itt most convenient to retract, butt
this I did assure him, as long as hee was constantt
hee should never find a change in mee, for though
duty did obliesge mee nott to marry any withoutt
my mother's consent, yet itt would nott tye mee to
marry without my owne. My sister att this rises
and said I did nott thinke you would have ing
aged mee to bee a wittnese of both your resolutions
to continue what I expected you would rather have
laid aside, and therfore I will leave you. Oh, madam
said hee can you imagine I love att that rate as to
have itt shaken with any storme? Noe, were I secure
your sister would nott suffer in my absence by her
mother's sevearity, I would nott care what misery I were
exposed to, butt to thinke I should bee the occation
of trouble to ye person in the earth that I love most
is unsuportable and with that hee fell downe in a
chaire that was behind him, butt as one withoutt all
sense, wch I must confese did so much move mee yt
laing aside all former distance I had kept him att,
I satt downe upon his knee, and laying my head neere his
I suffred him to kisse mee, wch was a liberty
I never gave before; nor had nott then had I
nott seene him so overcome with greefe, wch I in
deavered to suprese with all ye incouragementt I
could, butt still presing him to bee obedientt to his
father, either in goeing abroad or staying att home
as hee thought most convenient. Noe says hee since
they will nott allow mee to converse with you, France
will bee more agreeable to mee then England nor
will I goethere except I have liberty to come
here againe & take my leave of you. To that
I could nott disagree if they thought fitt to allow itt
and so my sister & I left him, butt shee durst nott
owne to my mother where shee had beene.
The next morning early my Lord H went away and
tooke with him his son & daughter and
left ˄mee to the seaveritys of my offended mother who
nothing could pacify. After shee had called for
mee & said as many bitter things as passion
could dictate upon such a subject, she discharged
mee to see him & did solemly vow that if she
should heare I did see Mr H shee would turne mee
outt of her doores & never owne mee againe. All I
said to that part was that itt should bee against
my will if ever shee heard of itt. Upon Tuesday my
Lord H. writt to my mother that hee had determined
to send his son to France, and that upon
Thursday after hee was to begin his journey butt
all hee desired before hee wentt was to have liberty
to see mee wch hee thought was a sattisfaction could
nott bee denyed him and therfore desired my mothers
consentt to it, wch shee gave upon the condittion
hat hee should only come in & take his leave
of mee, butt nott to have any converse butt
what shee should bee a wittnese of her selfe.
This would nott attall please Mr H and
therfore seemed to lay the desire of itt aside.
In the meane time my chamber & liberty of
lying alone was taken from mee, and my sisters
woman was to bee my guardian who watched
sufficiently so that I had nott ye least opertunity
either day or night to bee without her. Upon
Thursday morning early my mother sentt a man
of my sisters (whose name I must mention with ye
rest that att that was in the familly, for there was
Moses Aron & Miriam all att one time in itt &
none either related or aquainted together till they
met there) ˄this Moses ˄was sentt to my Lord H with a letter
to inquire if his son were gone. I must here relate
a little odd incounter wch agravated my misfortune.
There came noe returne till night, and, having gott
liberty to walke in the hall, my mother sentt a child
of my sisters & bid him walke with mee & keepe
mee company I had nott beenethere a quarter of an
hower butt my maid Miriam came to mee & told mee
shee was walking att the backe gate & Mr H came
to her & sentt her to desire mee to come there &
speake butt two or three words wth him for hee had
sworne nott to goe away withoutt seeing mee
nor would hee come in to see my mother for he
had left London that morning very early & had
rod up & downe that part of the country only
till itt was ye gloome of the evening to have the
more privacy in comming to see mee. I bid her
goe back & tell him I durst nott see him because
of my mothers oath & her discharge. While shee
was presing mee to run to the gate & I was
neere to take the start, the child cried out
O my aunt is going wch stoped mee and I
sent her away to tell ye reason why I could not
come. I still staid walking in the hall till shee
returned, wondering shee staid so long. When shee
came shee was hardly able to speake and with
great disorder said I beleeve you are ye most
unfortunate person living, for I thinke Mr H is
killed. any one that hath ever knowne what
gratitude was may imagine how these words
disordered mee, butt impatientt to know how (I was
resolved to hazard my mother's displeasure rather
then nott see him), shee told mee that while shee
was telling him my answeare, there came a fellow
with a great club behind him & strucke him
downe dead, & others had seazed upon Mr T
(who formerly had beene his governer and was
now intrusted to see him safe on shipboord)
and his man. The reason of this was from
what there was too many sad examples of att
that time, when the devission was betwixt ye King
and Parliamentt, for to betray a master or a friend
was looked upon as doing God good service.
My brother in law Sr Henry Newton had beene
long from home in attendance on the King for whose
service hee had raised a troope of horse upon his
owne expence & had upon all occations testified his
loyalty for wch all his estate was sequestred,
and with much dificulty my sister gott liberty to
live in her owne house and had the fifth part
to live upon wch was obtained with impertunity
There was one of my brothers tenants called Mus
grove, who was a very great Rogue who farmed
my brother's land of ye Parliamentt and was imp
loyed by them as a spye to discover any of the
Cavaliers that should come within his knowledge
hee observing 3 gentlemen ˄& a upon good horse scoutt
ing aboutt all day & keeping atta distance from
the highway, aprehends itt was my brother who
had come privately home to see my sister and
resolves to watch when hee came neere ye house
and had followed so close as to come behind &
give Mr H that stroake, thinking itt had beene
my brother Newton, & seased upon his governer
and servantt (the post boy beeng left att some
distance with the horses) In the midst of this dis
order Moses came there and Miriam having told
what the occation of itt was, he told Musgrove itt
was my Lord H son hee had used so upon which
hee & his complices wenttimediately away and Moses
and Mr Hs man caried him into an alehouse hard
by and laid him on a bed, where hee lay some time
before hee came to himselfe. So hearing all was
quiett againe & that hee had noe hurt, only ston
ished with the blow, I wentt into ye roome where I
had left my mother & sister, wch beeing att a good
˄ distance
from the backe gate they had heard nothing
of the tumult that had beene there. A litle after
Moses came in and delivered a letter from my Lord
H wch after my mother had read shee asked
what news att London hee answeared the greatest
hee could tell was that Mr H went away that
morning early post to Deepe & was going to France
butt hee could nott learne the reason of itt. My
mother & sister seemed to wonder att itt. for none
in the familly except my maid knew any thing
that had fallen outt, or had any suspition yt
I was concerned in itt, butt my mother & sister.
after Moses wentt outt my mother asked mee if
I was nott ashamed to thinke that itt would bee
said my L H was forced to send away his
son to secure him from mee. I said I could nott
butt regrett what ever had occationed her displeasure
or his punishmentt, butt I was guilty of noe unhand
some action to make mee ashamed And therfore what
ever were my presentt misfortune I was confident to
evidence before I died that noe child shee had had
greater love and respect to her, or more obedience.
to wch shee replied, Itt seemes you have a good opinion
of your selfe. My mother now beleeving Mr H gone
I was nott as former nights sentt to my bed and ye
guard upon mee that was usuall, butt I staid in my
mothers chamber till shee & my sister (who lay together)
was abed. In the meane time Mr H had sentt
for Moses and told him what ever misfortune hee
might suffer by his stay there, hee was fully deter
mined nott to goe away without seeing mee and
desired I would come to the banketting howse in ye
garden & he would come to ye window & speake to
mee, wch hee told mee & with all that Mr T (who
was a very serious good man) did earnestly desire intreat
mee to Condescend to his desire to preventt what
might bee more inconvenient to us both. I sentt him
word when my mother was abed I would contrive some
way to sattisfy him, butt nott where hee proposed, be
cause itt was within the view of my mothers chamber
window. After I had left my mother & sister in
there bed, I went alone in the darke through my brothers
closett to ye chamber where I lay, and as I entred
the roome I laid my hand upon my eyes and with
a sad sigh said was ever Creature so unfortunate
and putt to such a sad dificulty either to make Mr
H forsworne if hee see mee nott, or if I doe see
him, my mother will bee forsworne if shee doth nott
expose mee to the uttmost rigour her anger can
inventt. In the midst of this dispute with my selfe
what I should doe: my hand beeng still upon
my eyes, itt presently came in my mind that if
I blindfolded my eyes that would secure mee from
seeing him & so I did not transgrese against
my mother. And hee might that way sattisfy him
selfe by speaking with mee. I had as much joy
in finding outt this meanes to yeeld to him wthoutt
disquiett to my self, as if itt had beene of more
considerable consequence. Imediately I sentt Moses
to tell him upon what condittions I would speake
with him: first, that hee must allow mee to have
my eyes covered & that hee should bring Mr T
with him. and if thus hee were sattisfied I ordered
him to bring them in the backe way into ye cellar
where I with Miriam would meett them the other
way; wch they did. As soone as Mr H saw mee
hee much impertuned the taking away the covert
from my eyes wch I nott suffering, hee left disput
ing that, to imploy the litle time hee had in regret
ing my nott yielding to his impertunity to marry him
before his affection was discovered to his father & my
mother. For had it beene once past there power to
undoe, they would [have] beene sooner sattisfied and wee
might have beene hapy together and nott indured
this sad separation. I told him I was sory for
beeing the occation of his discontentt butt I could
nott repentt the doing my duty what ever ill succese
itt had, for I ever looked upon marying withoutt
consentt of parentts as the highest act of ingratitude
and disobedience that Chilldren could Committ &
I resolved never to bee guilty of itt. I found his
greatest trouble was the feare hee had that my
mother in his absence would force mee to marry
M L (who was a Gentleman of a good fortune
who some people thought had a respect for mee)
To this I gave him as much assurance as I could
that neither hee nor any other person living should
lessen his interest till hee gave mee reason for itt
himselfe. Itt is unnesesary to repeatt the Solemne
oaths hee made never to love nor marry any other.
for as I did not aprove of itt then, so I will nott
now agravate his Crime by mentioning them. Butt
there was nothing heeleft unsaid that Could exp
rese a Sinceare virtuous true affection. Mr T (who
with Moses & Miriam had all this time beene
so civill to us both as to retire att such a
distance as nott to heare what we said) came
and interupted him & desired him to take his
leave lest longer stay might bee prejudiciall to
us both all. I called for a bottle of wine and
giving Mr T thankes for his Civility & care drunk
to him wishing a good & hapy journey to Mr H So
taking a farewell of them both I wentt up the
This was upon Thursday night ye 10th of October 1644
time, and nott the worse that hee profesed to have a
great friendship for my brother Will!
This gentleman came to see mee sometimes in the
company of ladys who had beene my mothers neibours in
St. Martins Lane and sometimes alone. butt when ever
hee came, his discourse was Serious, handsome, and tending
to imprese the advantages of piety loyalty & vertue
and these subjects were so agreeable to my owne in
clination that I could nott butt give them a good recep
tion, especially from one that seemed to bee so much
an owner of them himselfe. After I had beene used
to freedome of discourse with him, I told him I apr
oved much of his advise to others, butt I thought his
owne practise contradicted much of his profession
for one of his aquaintance had told mee hee had
nott seene his wife in a twelvemonth and itt was
imposible in my opinion for a good man to bee an
ill husband and therefore hee must defend himselfe from
one before I could beleeve the other of him. Hee said
itt was nott nesesary to give every˄one that might condemne
him the reason of his beeng so long from her, yett to sa
tisfy mee hee would tell mee the truth wch was that hee
beeng ingaged in the Kings service hee was oblieged
to bee att London where itt was nott convenient for her
to bee with him, his stay in any place beeing uncertaine.
Besides, she lived amongst her friends who though they
were kind to her yett were nott so to him, for most of
that country had declared for the Parleament and were
enemys to all that had, or did, serve the King and
therfore his wife hee was sure would not condemne him
for what hee did, by her owne consentt. This seeming
reasonable, I did insist noe more upon that subject.
Att this time hee had frequent letters from the King,
who imployed him in severall affaires butt that of the
greatest concerne wch hee was imployed in was to
contrive the Duke of Yorkes escape outt of St. James
(where His Highnese and the Duke of Glocester & the
Princese Elizabeth lived under the care of the Earle
of Northumberland & his lady). The dificultys of
itt was representted by Coll. B butt His Majestie still pres
sed itt & I remember this expresion was in one of the
letters I beleeve it will bee dificult and if
hee miscary in the attempt it will bee the greatest
afliction that can arive to mee butt I looke
upon James escape as Charless preservation
and nothing can content mee more therfore bee
carefull what you doe. This letter amongst
others hee shewed mee and where the King aprov
ed of his choice of mee to intrust with itt For to
gett the Dukes cloaths made ˄& to drese him in his
disguise. So now all C.B busynese & care was
how to manage this busynese of so important con
cerne, wch could not bee performed withoutt severall
persons concurrence in itt For hee beeng generally
knowne as one whose being stay att London was in order
to serve the King few of those who were intrusted
by the Parliamentt in puplicke concernes durst owne
convearse or hardly civilitty to him, lest they should
have beene suspect by there party, wch made itt
deficult for him to gett accese to ye Duke. butt
(to bee short) having comunicated ye designe to a gen
tleman attending His Highnese, who was full of honor
and fidelity by his meanes hee had private accese to
the Duke to whom hee presented the Kings letter &
order to His Highnese for Consenting to act what CB
should contrive for his escape wch was so cheerefully inter
tained and so readily obayed, that beeng once designed
there was nothing more to doe then to prepare all things
for the Execution. I had desired him to take a rib
ban with him & bring mee the bignese of the Dukes
wast & his lengh to have cloaths made fitt for him.
In the meanetime C.B was to provide mony for
all nesesary expence, wch was furnished by an honest
cittisen. When I gave the measure to my tailor to
inquire how much mohaire would serve to make
a petticoate & wastcoate to a young Gentlewoman
of that bignese & stature hee considered it a long
time & said hee had made many gownes & suites
butt hee had never made any to such a person in
his life. I thought hee was in the right butt his
meaning was, hee had never seene any women of so
low a stature have so big a wast. However hee made
itt as exactly fitt as if hee had taken the measure
himselfe. It was a mixt mohaire of a light haire
couler & blacke & ye under petticoate was scarlett.
All things beeing now ready, upon the 20 of Aprill 1648
in the evening was the time resolved on for the Dukes
escape. And in order to that itt was designed for
a weeke before every night assoone as ye Duke had
suped, hee and those servants that attended His
Highnese (till the Earle of Northumberland & the rest
of the howse had suped) wentt to a play called hide
and seeke and sometimes hee would hide himselfe
so well that in halfe an howers time they could
not find him. His Highnese had so used them to this
that when he wentt really away they thought hee was
butt att the usuall sport. A litle before the Duke wentt
to super that night, hee called for the Gardiner (who
who only had a treble key (besides that wch ye Duke
had) and bid him give him that key till his owne
was mended wch hee did. And after His Highnese
had suped, hee imeadiately ˄called to goe to the play & went downe ˄the privy staires
into the garden & opened the gate that goes into
the parke, treble locking all the doores behind him.
And att the garden gate C.B waited for His High
nese & putting on a cloake & perewig huried him
away to the parke gate where a coach waited yt
caried them to the watter side and taking the
boate that was apointed for that service they rowed
to the staires next the bridge, where I and Miriam
waited in a private howse hard by that C.B had
prepared for dresing His Highnese where all things
were in a readinese. Butt I had many feares, for CB
had desired mee, if they came nott there prescisly by
ten a clocke, to shift for my selfe for then I might
conclude they were discovered and so my stay there
could ˄doe noe good, butt prejudice my selfe. Yett this
did nott make mee leave the howse though ten a clocke
did strike & hee that was intrusted often wentt to
the landing place & saw noe boate comming was much
discouraged & asked mee what I would doe. I told
him I came there with a resolution to serve His Highs
and I was fully determined nott to leave that place
till I was outt of hopes of doing what I came there for
and would take my hazard. Hee left mee to goe
againe to ye watter side, and, while I was fortify
ing my selfe against what might arive to mee
I heard a great noise of many as I thought comming
up staires wch I expected to bee soldiers to take mee
butt itt was a pleasing disapointmentt for ye first
that came in was the Duke who with much joy I tooke
in my armes & gave God thankes for his safe arivall.
His Highnese called quickely quickely drese mee
and putting off his cloaths I dresed him in the
wemens habitt that was prepared, wch fitted His
Highnese very well & was very pretty in itt. after
hee had eaten some thing I made ready while I
was idle, lest His Highnese should bee hungry
and having sentt for a Woodstreet Cake (wch
I knew hee loved) to take in the Barge, with as
much hast as could bee His Highnese wentt crose
the Bridge to ye staires where the Barge lay
C.B leading him, and imediately the boatmen
plied the oare so well that they were soone
outt of sight having both wind & tide with ym.
Butt I afterwards heard the wind changed &
was so contrary that CB told mee hee was ter
ribly afraid they should have beene blowne backe
againe. And the Duke said Doe any thing with
mee rather then lett mee goe backe againe wch
putt CB to seeke helpe where itt was only to bee
had & affter hee had most fervently suplicated
assistance from God presently the wind blew
faire and they came safely to there intended
Landing place. Butt I heard there was some defi
culty before they gott to ye ship att Graves-End
which had like to have discovered them had nott
Collonell Washingtons Lady assisted them.
After the Dukes barge was outt of sight of ye
Bridge, I and Miriam wentt where I apointed the
coach to stay for mee & made drive as fast as
the coachman could to my brothers howse where I staid.
I met none in the way that gave mee any aprehension
that the designe was discovered nor was itt noised abr
oad till the next day. For (as I related before) ye Duke
having used to play att hide & seeke & to conceale him
selfe a long time when they mist him att the same play
thought hee would have discovered himselfe as formerly
when they had given over seeking him. butt a much long
er time beeng past then usually was spentt in thatt
deverttisementt some began to aprehend that His Highnese
was gone in earnest past there finding wch made the
Earle of Northumberland (to whose care hee was commit
ed) after strict scearch made in the howse of St James
and all theraboutts to noe purpose) to send and aquaint
the Speaker of the howse of Commons that the Duke
was gone butt how or by what meanes hee knew nott
butt desired that there might bee orders sent to the
Cinque Ports for stoping all ships going outt till the
passengers were examined and scearch made in all
suspected places where His Highnese might bee concealed.
Though this was gone aboutt with all the vigillancy im
maginable yett itt pleased God to disapoint them of
there intention by so infatuating those severall persons
who were imployed for writting orders, that none of them
were able to writt one right butt ten or twelve of ym
were Cast by before one was according to there mind.
This accountt I had from Mr N who was mace bearer
to the Speaker att that time and a wittnese of it.
This disorder of the Clarkes contributed much to the
Dukes safety for hee was att sea before any of the
orders came to the Ports and so was free from what
was designed if they had taken His Highnese.
Though severalls were suspected for beeng accesory
to the escape yett they could not charge any with
itt butt the person who wentt away & hee beeng outt
of there reach, they tooke noe notice as either to exa
mine or imprison others. After C.B had beene so
Succesfull in Serving the Duke The Prince imployed
him and commanded him backe againe to London with
severall instructions that might have beene serviceable
to the King had nott God Allmighty thought fitt to blast
all indeavers that might have conduced to his Matie
safety. As soone as CB landed beyond the Tower
hee writt to desire I would doe him the faver as to come
to him as beeng the only person who att that time hee could
trust & when hee should aquaint mee with ye occation
of his comming, hee doupted nott butt I would forgive him
for the liberty hee had taken. I knowing hee could come
upon noe accountt butt in order to serve the King, I ime
diately sentt for an honest hackney coachman who I knew
might bee trusted and taking Miriam with mee I wentt
where hee was. who giving mee a short information of
what hee was imployed aboutt and how much secrecy
was to bee used both as to ye Kings interest and his
owne security it is nott to bee doupted butt I contributed
what I could to both and taking him backe in the
coach with mee left him att a private lodging nott
very farre from my brothers howse, that a servantt
of his had prepared for him. The earnest desire I had
to serve the King made mee omitt noe opertunity wherin
I could bee usefull and the zeale I had for his Matie
made mee not see what ˄inconveniencys I exposed my selfe to, for my
intentions beeing just & inocentt made mee nott reflect
what conclusions might bee made for the private visitts
which I could nott butt nesesarily make to CB him in order to
the Kings service. For whatever might relate to itt yt
came within my knowledge I gave him accountt of
and hee made such use of itt as might most advance
his designe. As long as there was any posibility of
conveying letters secretty to the King hee frequently
writt & receaved very kind letters from His Matie with
severall instructions and letters to persons of honour and
loyalty butt when all access was debarred by the strict guard
placed aboutt the King all hee could then doe was to keepe
warme those affections in such as hee had influence in till
a seasonable opertunity to evidence there love and duty
to His Matie. Though CB discovered himselfe to none butt
such as were of knowne integrity yett many comming to
that place where hee lay made him thinke itt convenient
for his owne safety to goe sometime into the country &
att his returne to bee more private. One evening when I
wentt to see him I found him lying upon his bed and
asking if hee were nott well hee told mee hee was well
enough butt had receaved a visitt in the morning from
a person that hee wondred much how hee found him
outt. hee was a Solicittor that was imployed by all the
gentlemen in the County where hee lived wch was hard
by where his wife dwelt and hee had brought him word
shee was dead & named the day & place where shee
was buried. I confese I saw him nott in much greefe &
therfore I used nott many words of consolation but left
him after I had given him accountt of the busynese I wentt
for. I neither made my visitts lese nor more ˄to him for this news
for loyalty beeng the principle that first led mee to a
freedome of converse with him, so still I continued itt as
often as there was occation to serve that interest. Hee
putt on Mourning and told the reason of itt to such as hee
conversed with, butt had desired the Gentleman who had
first aquainted him with itt nott to make itt puplicke
lest the fortune hee had by his wife & shee injoyed while
shee lived should bee sequestred. To bee short after a
litle time hee, on a day when I was alone with him
began to tell mee that now hee was a free man hee
would say that to mee wch I should have never knowne
while heelived if itt had beene otherways which was
that hee had had a great respect & honour for mee
since the first time hee knew mee butt had resolved
itt should die with him if hee had nott beene in a
condittion to declare itt withoutt doing mee prejudice.
For hee hoped if hee could gaine an interest in my
affection itt would nott apeare so unreasonable to marry
him as others might representtitt, for if it pleased God
to restore the King of wch hee was nott yett outt of hopes
hee had a promise of beeng one of his Matie bedchamber
and though that should faile yett what hee & I had toge
ther would bee aboutt eight hundred pound ˄sterling a yeare wch with